No abstract
Salinity is one of the major plant abiotic stresses increasing over time worldwide. The most important biological role of nitric oxide (NO) in plants is related to their development and growth under abiotic conditions. The present experiment was conducted to study the effect of salt stress (0 and 100 mM) and NO (0 and 80 μM) on two different ecotypes of Brassica rapa (L.): PTWG-HL and PTWG-PK. The different growth attributes, biochemical and physiological parameters, and the mineral contents were examined. The results indicated increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), relative membrane permeability, malondialdehyde (MDA), and Na+ content and decreased plant biomass in both ecotypes (PTWG-PK and PTWG-HL) under salt stress. In contrast, NO treatment resulted in increased plant biomass, chlorophyll content, and total soluble proteins and decreased H2O2, relative membrane permeability, MDA, total phenolic content, catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and Na+. The combined effect of salt stress and NO application increased the chlorophyll a content, total phenolic content, and total soluble proteins, but decreased H2O2, relative membrane permeability, MDA, and Na+. The response of carotenoids, anthocyanins, and K+, Ca2+, and Cl− ions varied in both ecotypes under all treatment conditions. The PTWG-PK ecotype showed maximum overall growth response with the application of NO. Henceforth, it is proposed that the molecular mechanisms associated with NO-induced stress tolerance in plants may be exploited to attain sustainability in agriculture under changing climate scenarios.
Purpose Drought has an adverse impact on the production and growth of cereals globally. Due to drought stress, cereals’ cultivation declined day by day, worldwide. Hence, ultimate yield does not fulfill the required demand. The current research investigated the consequences of drought stress on morpho-physiological, yield and biochemical parameters of barley plants and a comparison of different osmo-regulators and their ameliorating capacity towards drought stress. Methods A pot trial was held in a completely randomized (CR) design with three replicates manner to investigate the role of humic acid, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and melatonin (osmo-regulators) synergistic application in ameliorating drought stress. Three barely varieties (Haider-93, Sultan-17 and Jau-17) were selected for this experiment. The treatments applied were as follows; humic acid (400 ppm), potassium dihydrogen phosphate (20 ppm) and melatonin (0.5 mM) with two water levels i.e., Control (normal watering) and drought stress (stop watering). Results Results indicated that foliar application of all osmo-regulators improved propagation, antioxidants, proteins, chlorophyll, mineral contents and productivity parameters, while alleviate Malondialdehyde content, hydrogen peroxide and relative membrane permeability value studied under drought stress and non-drought stress. The maximum yield was noticed in Jau-17 plants given humic acid in control and drought stress in Jau-17. The order of effectiveness of osmo-regulators in this study was humic acid > melatonin > potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Conclusion Osmo-regulators examined in this study had potential role in combating against drought stress and could also be effective for various other abiotic stresses.
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