Barley <i>Hv<scp>PAP</scp>hy_a</i> as transgene provides high and stable phytase activities in mature barley straw and in grains

Holme, Inger Bæksted; Dionisio, Giuseppe; Madsen, Claus Krogh; Brinch-Pedersen, Henrik

doi:10.1111/pbi.12636

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Perhaps the most powerful approach might turn out to be engineering crops with seed tissue-targeted phytase overexpression. This has been accomplished with a growing number of crops including maize [102], soybean [103] and barley [104]. This approach can result in quantitative conversion of phytate P to inorganic P in mature seed [103], but would also provide active phytase action against any source of phytate in a food or feed.…”

Section: The Low-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low phytic acid Crops: Observations Based on Four Decades of Research

Raboy¹

2020

Plants

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The low phytic acid (lpa), or “low-phytate” seed trait can provide numerous potential benefits to the nutritional quality of foods and feeds and to the sustainability of agricultural production. Major benefits include enhanced phosphorus (P) management contributing to enhanced sustainability in non-ruminant (poultry, swine, and fish) production; reduced environmental impact due to reduced waste P in non-ruminant production; enhanced “global” bioavailability of minerals (iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium) for both humans and non-ruminant animals; enhancement of animal health, productivity and the quality of animal products; development of “low seed total P” crops which also can enhance management of P in agricultural production and contribute to its sustainability. Evaluations of this trait by industry and by advocates of biofortification via breeding for enhanced mineral density have been too short term and too narrowly focused. Arguments against breeding for the low-phytate trait overstate the negatives such as potentially reduced yields and field performance or possible reductions in phytic acid’s health benefits. Progress in breeding or genetically-engineering high-yielding stress-tolerant low-phytate crops continues. Perhaps due to the potential benefits of the low-phytate trait, the challenge of developing high-yielding, stress-tolerant low-phytate crops has become something of a holy grail for crop genetic engineering. While there are widely available and efficacious alternative approaches to deal with the problems posed by seed-derived dietary phytic acid, such as use of the enzyme phytase as a feed additive, or biofortification breeding, if there were an interest in developing low-phytate crops with good field performance and good seed quality, it could be accomplished given adequate time and support. Even with a moderate reduction in yield, in light of the numerous benefits of low-phytate types as human foods or animal feeds, should one not grow a nutritionally-enhanced crop variant that perhaps has 5% to 10% less yield than a standard variant but one that is substantially more nutritious? Such crops would be a benefit to human nutrition especially in populations at risk for iron and zinc deficiency, and a benefit to the sustainability of agricultural production.

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Section: The Low-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Low phytic acid Crops: Observations Based on Four Decades of Research

Raboy¹

2020

Plants

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“…Hydrolyze phytate in barley associated the bioavailable nutrient elements (P, Fe, and Zn), which exists as a single gene (PAPhy_a) in barley, but as two or three homeologous copies in wheat [79]. The improvement of HvPAPhy_a transformed barley showed phytase activity increases up to 110-fold in green leaves, 19-fold in grains, and 57-fold in dry straw [80].…”

Section: Tocolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanism of Functional Ingredients in Barley to Combat Human Chronic Diseases

Zeng

et al. 2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Barley plays an important role in health and civilization of human migration from Africa to Asia, later to Eurasia. We demonstrated the systematic mechanism of functional ingredients in barley to combat chronic diseases, based on PubMed, CNKI, and ISI Web of Science databases from 2004 to 2020. Barley and its extracts are rich in 30 ingredients to combat more than 20 chronic diseases, which include the 14 similar and 9 different chronic diseases between grains and grass, due to the major molecular mechanism of six functional ingredients of barley grass (GABA, flavonoids, SOD, K-Ca, vitamins, and tryptophan) and grains (β-glucans, polyphenols, arabinoxylan, phytosterols, tocols, and resistant starch). The antioxidant activity of barley grass and grain has the same and different functional components. These results support findings that barley grain and its grass are the best functional food, promoting ancient Babylonian and Egyptian civilizations, and further show the depending functional ingredients for diet from Pliocene hominids in Africa and Neanderthals in Europe to modern humans in the world. This review paper not only reveals the formation and action mechanism of barley diet overcoming human chronic diseases, but also provides scientific basis for the development of health products and drugs for the prevention and treatment of human chronic diseases.

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“…In another study, PAPhy was over‐expressed in barely (HvPAPhy_a) under the control of constitutive cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. In T2 generation of transformed barely (HvPAPhy_a), MGPA was increased up to 19‐folds (29,000 FTU/kg) (Holme, Dionisio, Madsen, & Brinch‐Pedersen, ). Therefore, it is found potential for manipulation of heat‐stable phytase activity in cereals and it should be advocated in other cereals as well.…”

Section: Strategies For Zn Biofortification Of Maizementioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc biofortification of maize (Zea mays L.): Status and challenges

Maqbool¹,

Beshir²

2018

Plant Breeding

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Zn deficiency is one of the leading health problems in children and women of developing countries. Different interventions could be used to overcome malnutrition, but biofortification is most impactful, convenient, sustainable and acceptable intervention. Maize is one of the major crops grown and consumed in the regions with prevalent Zn malnutrition; therefore, this is suitable target for Zn biofortification. Zn biofortification of maize could be achieved through agronomic and genetic approaches. Discussion of agronomic approaches with genetic approaches is prerequisite because soils in developing countries are deficit of Zn and availability of Zn in soils is mandatory for estimating the genetic responses of maize genotypes through genetic approaches. Seed priming, foliar and soil applications are agronomic tools for biofortification, but solo and combined applications of these treatments have different effects on Zn enrichment. Genetic approaches include the increase of Zn bioavailability or increase of kernel Zn concentration. Zn bioavailability could be increased by reducing the anti‐nutritional factors or by increasing the bioavailability enhancers. Kernel Zn concentration could be improved through hybridization and selections, whereas genetically engineered attempts for improving Zn uptake from soil, loading in xylem, remobilization in grains and sequestration in endosperm can further improve the kernel Zn concentration. Key challenges associated with dissemination of Zn biofortified maize are also under discussion in this draft. Current review emphasized all of above‐mentioned contents to provide roadmap for the development of Zn biofortified maize genotypes to curb the global Zn malnutrition.

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Barley HvPAPhy_a as transgene provides high and stable phytase activities in mature barley straw and in grains

Cited by 27 publications

References 39 publications

Low phytic acid Crops: Observations Based on Four Decades of Research

Low phytic acid Crops: Observations Based on Four Decades of Research

Molecular Mechanism of Functional Ingredients in Barley to Combat Human Chronic Diseases

Zinc biofortification of maize (Zea mays L.): Status and challenges

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