Barley anther culture: effects of annual cycle and spike position on microspore embryogenesis and albinism

Abstract

The effect of donor plants annual cycle and anther/spike position on the production of microspore-derived plants and albinism were studied. We used the winter cv. Igri and the spring cv. Cork, known to respond similarly in anther culture but to produce 78% and 2% of green plants, respectively. In both cvs. the number of microspore-derived plants was significantly higher when the anthers were collected from January to July than from August to December. However, during this period the proportion of albino plants was not altered. Conversely, the anther response decreased from 76.6 to 31.5% in Igri and from 58.8 to 32.0% in Cork when the donor spike originates from the main shoot or the fourth tiller. Significantly, anthers collected from spike of the second tiller enabled us to drastically increase the proportion of regenerated green plantlets, by 16% in Igri and 1800% in Cork.

Inheritance patterns of the response to in vitro doubled haploid induction in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)

“…For example, ten anther Opsahl-Ferstad et al 1994b). One highly androgenic genotype from population 6 generated over 1500 green plants per 100 AC, which is comparable to yields of the responsive model barley cultivar 'Igri' (Jacquard et al 2006) but far better than 'Svilena', the model used in wheat (Lantos et al 2013). These high yields are probably due to the superior genetics of the studied plant material rather than the relatively minor differences between our method and previous practices (Olesen et al 1988;Opsahl-Ferstad et al 1994a, b).…”

“…Influence of the growing conditions of the anther donor has been well documented in perennial ryegrass, and responses may be better at the start of the growing season (Olesen et al 1988;Boppenmeier et al 1989;Bante et al 1990). Similarly, anther response dropped around 50% when barley spikes were harvested in the second half of the year (Jacquard et al 2006), and seasonal variations in AC response levels of the same genotype was reported in oat (Kiviharju et al 2017). Higher correlations than the observed ρ = 0.45-0.54 (P ≤ 0.001) would probably have been found between the years, if 2016 had contributed less zeros to the dataset.…”

Improvements in the production of doubled haploids in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) through isolated microspore culture

“…Sufficient regeneration from greenhouse-grown donor plants could be reached when natural light levels were high and temperatures were moderate. Jacquard et al (2006) demonstrated that the number of microspore-derived plants was significantly higher when the anthers were collected from January to July rather than from August to December. Therefore the photoperiod and the light intensity has also influence in the final result.…”

Création de variétés tolérantes au stress abiotique chez l'orge (Hordeum vulgareL.) par culture d'anthères

“…Le géno-type Arige produit 17% de plantes vertes contre seulement 5% pour le génotype Ardhaoui qui souffre d'un effet d'albinisme assez marqué. La diversité de réponse observée chez les génotypes d'orge en culture d'anthères reste une question d'actualité qui a été abordée dans la littérature (Hassawi, 2004 ;Jacquard et al, 2006). En effet, tous les travaux sur la régénération haploïde confirment cette observation ; chez l'orge, Foroughi-Wehr & Friedt (1984) ont mis en évidence une variabilité génétique de la réponse à l'androgenèse au sein d'une soixantaine d'hybrides testés.…”