Barking and mobbing

et al. 2010

Behavioural Processes

We examined the production of different vocalizations in three strains of silver fox (Unselected, Aggressive, and Tame) attending three kinds of behavior (aggressive, affiliative, and neutral) in response to their same-strain conspecifics. This is a follow up to previous experiments which demonstrated that in the presence of humans tame foxes produced cackles and pants but never coughed or snorted, whilst Aggressive foxes produced coughs and snorts but never cackled or panted. Thus, cackle/pant and cough/snort were indicative of the Tame and Aggressive fox strains respectively toward humans. Wild-type Unselected foxes produced cough and snort toward humans similarly to Aggressive foxes. Here we found that vocal responses to conspecifics were similar in Tame, Aggressive and Unselected fox strains. Both cackle/pant and cough/snort occurred in foxes of all strains. The difference in the use of cackle/pant and cough/snort among these strains toward humans and toward conspecifics suggest that silver foxes do not perceive humans as their conspecifics. We speculate that these vocalizations are produced in response to a triggering internal state, affiliative or aggressive, that is suppressed by default in these fox strains toward humans as a result of their strict selection for tame or aggressive behavior, whilst still remaining flexible toward conspecifics.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Vocalization toward conspecifics in silver foxes (Vulpes vulpes) selected for tame or aggressive behavior toward humans

Gogoleva

Volodin

et al. 2010

Behavioural Processes

“…Unlike domestic dogs that use bark, whine and growl during interaction with humans (Yin and McCowan 2004; Chulkina et al 2006; Pongrácz et al 2006; Lord et al 2009; Volodina et al 2006; Taylor et al 2008), Tame silver foxes use cackle and pant toward humans. Swift fox Vulpes velox and polar fox Alopex lagopus , species taxonomically close to the silver fox, use cackle to interact with pair mates and offspring (Ovsjanikov et al 1988; Darden and Dabelsteen 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of selection for behavior, human approach mode and sex on vocalization in silver fox

Gogoleva

Volodin

et al. 2012

J Ethol

This study presents a first direct comparison of vocal type, call rate and time spent vocalizing among Unselected, Tame and Aggressive strains of silver fox (Vulpes vulpes) in three modes of human approach (Provoking, Approach–Retreat, and Static). Also, it provides a first comparison of male and female vocal output in the Provoking test. Vocal types were found strain-specific irrespective of the fox sex or the test. Males had higher call rates and spent shorter times vocalizing than females. These results support the evidence of genetic-based emotional states, triggering vocal behavior in silver fox strains, and suggest sex dimorphism in vocal activity toward humans.

“…Агрессивные лисицы демонстри-руют повышенную предрасположенность к негативному внутреннему состоянию в присутствии человека и, сле-довательно, издают больше агрессивных вокализаций. Наши данные согласуются с гипотезой К. Лорда с соав-торами (Lord et al, 2009), что частота издавания лая у до-машних собак возросла, поскольку доместикация привела к увеличению количества ситуаций, в которых внутрен-нее состояние животного ассоциировано с продуцирова-нием лая.…”

Section: генетика поведенияunclassified

“…Возможность изменений в вокальном поведении при доместикации обсуждалась для домашних собак Canis familiaris (Cohen, Fox, 1976;Pongrácz et al, 2005Pongrácz et al, , 2006Molnár et al, 2006), морских свинок Cavia aperea (Monticelli, Ades, 2011), домашних кошек Felis catus (Nicastro, Owren, 2003;Nicastro, 2004;McComb et al, 2009). Одним из самых ярких примеров изменения вокального поведения у доместицированного животного может служить гипертрофированное исполь-зование лая домашними собаками Canis familiaris по сравнению с волком Canis lupus (Yin, McCowan, 2004;Чулкина и др., 2006;Lord et al, 2009).…”

unclassified

Effects of experimental domestication of silver foxes (Vulpes vulpes) on vocal behaviour

Gogoleva¹,

Володин²,

et al. 2017

Vestn. VOGiS

This paper systematizes and generalizes a research cycle devoted to studying the acoustics and vocal behaviour of silver foxes that differ in their tolerance to humans. The research revealed that 50-year selection for tameness toward people resulted in selective use by Tame foxes toward humans of two call types, pant and cackle. At the same time, the selected for aggression toward people Aggressive foxes and the non-selected for behaviour Control foxes, selectively use toward humans cough and snort. Thus, call types representing vocal indicators of friendly and aggressive behaviour of foxes toward humans have been revealed by the research. Nevertheless, experimental domestication did not change vocal behaviour of foxes toward conspecifics; all three strains did not differ by their vocal behaviour toward same-strain silver foxes. Relationship has been investigated between vocal behaviour and degree of tolerance toward people for hybrids between Tame and Aggressive foxes and for backcrosses to Tame and Aggressive foxes. Effect was estimated between fox sex and the degree of human impact on focal fox for variables of fox vocal behaviour. The research revealed the universal for mammals vocal indicators of emotional arousal that are independent of the emotional valence. Characteristics of vocal behaviour that are related with positive and negative emotional valence have been revealed. A simple and effective method for estimating animal discomfort based on "joint calls" that takes into account the characteristics of all calls irrespective of their acoustic structure has been revealed. The obtained results provide a basis for further comparative studies of the acoustic structure and vocal behaviour for other taxa of the genus Vulpes and the related canid genera (Canis, Cuon, Lycaon).Key words: experimental domestication of silver fox; vocal repertoire; communicative behaviour; emotional valence; human-animal interaction; emotional arousal; acoustic variation.Статья обобщает цикл исследований структуры звуков и вокаль-ного поведения серебристо-черных лисиц, различающихся по характеру реагирования на человека. Показано, что селекция в течение 50 лет на ручное поведение к человеку привела к из-бирательному использованию Ручными лисицами по отношению к людям двух типов звуков, кудахтанья и шумного дыхания. При этом селекционированные на агрессию к людям Агрессивные и не селекционированные Контрольные лисицы, в свою очередь, избирательно используют по отношению к людям такие звуки, как кашель и фырканье. Таким образом, выявлены типы звуков, явля-ющиеся вокальными индикаторами дружелюбного и агрессивного поведения лисиц по отношению к человеку. Однако доместика-ция не изменяет вокального поведения лисиц по отношению к другим лисицам, все три группы не различаются по вокальному поведению, адресованному конспецификам. Исследована связь вокального поведения со степенью толерантности по отношению к человеку у гибридов первого поколения от скрещивания между Ручными и Агрессивными лисицами и беккроссов на Ручных и Агрессивных лиси...