Bark stripping preference of sika deer, Cervus nippon, in terms of bark chemical contents

Ando, Masaki; Yokota, Hiro-omi; Shibata, Ei'ichi

doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(02)00336-5

Cited by 52 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, P. jezoensis has been heavily debarked in some areas in Japan (Yokoyama et al 2001;Ando et al 2003), indicating that palatability of debarking may be affected by surrounding vegetation (Moore et al 1999;McLaren et al 2000). Therefore, P. jezoensis saplings at the sites examined in the present study may be debarked in the future if the deer density increases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Susceptible conditions for debarking by deer in subalpine coniferous forests in central Japan

Iijima

Nagaike

2015

For. Ecosyst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Recently, deer have expanded their distribution to higher altitude ranges including subalpine forests. However, culling deer and construction of deer fence in subalpine forests are difficult because of steep slopes and complex topography. Thus it is necessary to clarify the factors which are associated with debarking by deer for the effective protection of subalpine forests. In this study, we examined which factors are associated with debarking by sika deer (Cervus nippon) in subalpine coniferous forests. Methods: We conducted our survey in Minami-Alps National Park, central Japan. We established 24 10 m × 40 m plots and surveyed the occurrence of debarking on saplings >30 cm in height and <3 cm in diameter at breast height (DBH) and on trees >3 cm in DBH, as well as sapling density within each plot. Minimum distances to nearest grassland of plots were calculated (tentatively assuming grassland would attract deer and would cause high debarking pressure in the surrounding subalpine forests).

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Susceptible conditions for debarking by deer in subalpine coniferous forests in central Japan

Iijima

Nagaike

2015

For. Ecosyst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In each transect, we measured the diameter at breast height (dbh) of all woody plants (height ³1.6 m). We measured the available bark area on the tree trunk (up to 1.6 m height) and butt swelling for deer by the method in Ando et al (2003). When we found a stripping wound on a tree trunk, we marked the wound edges with tape to allow identification of new barking.…”

Section: Field Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To compare the chemical contents of bark stripped frequently by deer (Ando et al 2003) and the leaves of dwarf bamboo, we collected the bark of P. jezoensis var. hondoensis, A. homolepis and Clethra barbinervis Sieb.…”

Section: Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bark stripping by cervids occurs worldwide: red deer, Cervus elaphus L., in Europe (McIntyre 1972;Welch et al 1987;Motta 1996) moose, Alces alces L., in North America and Scandinavia (Miquelle and Van Ballenberghe 1989;Faber 1996;Randveer and Heikkila 1996), sambar, Cervus unicolor (Kerr), in India and New Zealand (Khan et al 1994;Stafford 1997) and other cervids (Gill 1992;Parks et al 1998). Bark stripping by sika deer, Cervus nippon Temminck, occurs in both primeval forests and managed plantations in Japan (Kaji et al 1984;Oi and Itoya 1997;Yokoyama et al 2001;Ueda et al 2002;Ando et al 2003;Nagaike and Hayashi 2003).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sika deer in Japan have bark-stripping preferences (Sekine and Sato 1992;Kanzaki et al 1998;Sakabe et al 1998;Yokoyama et al 2001;Ando et al 2003). Miquelle and Van Ballenberghe (1989) also demonstrated that moose strip the bark of aspen and bebb willow, but not white spruce.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Why do sika deer, Cervus nippon, debark trees in summer on Mt. Ohdaigahara, central Japan?

2004

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Bark stripping by sika deer, Cervus nippon, causes severe damage to forests. The seasonality of bark stripping by deer and tree selection were examined on Mt. Ohdaigahara in central Japan. The chemical content and physical properties of the bark were analyzed. About 60% of all tree species suffer various degrees of seasonal bark stripping. Bark stripping is most intensive during summer when the deer's main forage, Sasa nipponica, is abundant, suggesting that bark stripping is not due to food shortages. The bark physical properties seem to affect barking selection among three coniferous species, but not its seasonality. The nutritive value of bark is lower than that of S. nipponica, which has high crude protein and hemicellulose contents in summer but an inadequate mineral balance in summer, suggesting that sika deer eat the bark either to balance the digestible nutrients of summer forage and/or to attain a proper mineral balance in summer.

show abstract

Optimum density of sika deer for tree seedling survival

2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sika deer have both direct negative and indirect positive effects on tree seedlings because deer browse on seedlings themselves as well as the floor vegetation that suppresses their growth. As such, a nonzero optimum deer density may exist for tree seedling survival. We conducted a field experiment combining exclusion of deer and removal of floor vegetation to investigate possible conditions under which an optimum density of deer with respect to seedling survival could exist. We constructed a hierarchical Bayesian model and used it to predict the survival rate of tree seedlings under different deer densities and floor leaf biomass conditions. Results indicated that a non-zero optimum deer density existed when the following conditions were present: a negative relationship between deer density and floor leaf biomass, negative effects on seedling survival caused both by deer and by floor vegetation, positive interaction of deer and floor leaf biomass on seedling survival, and considerably large potential leaf biomass. We estimated optimum deer density was 9.5 deer/km 2 when floor leaf biomass of the dwarf bamboo was 0.15 kg/m 2 . This optimum deer density may have been excessive because we examined only the initial stages of seedling development, in which seedlings were less vulnerable to deer browsing. These results suggested that in this system, managing deer density at moderate levels might be more effective from a forest regeneration perspective than the complete exclusion of deer. Ó 2014 The Wildlife Society.KEY WORDS deer-plant interaction, floor vegetation, hierarchical Bayesian modeling, optimum density of deer, seedling survival, sika deer Cervus nippon.

show abstract

Bark stripping preference of sika deer, Cervus nippon, in terms of bark chemical contents

Cited by 52 publications

References 17 publications

Susceptible conditions for debarking by deer in subalpine coniferous forests in central Japan

Susceptible conditions for debarking by deer in subalpine coniferous forests in central Japan

Why do sika deer, Cervus nippon, debark trees in summer on Mt. Ohdaigahara, central Japan?

Optimum density of sika deer for tree seedling survival

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About