Barbatic acid from Cladia aggregata (lichen): Cytotoxicity and in vitro schistosomicidal evaluation and ultrastructural analysis against adult worms of Schistosoma mansoni

Silva, H.A.M.F.; Aires, André L.; Soares, Caroline Leal Rodrigues; Sá, J.L.F.; Martins, Mônica Cristina Barroso; Albuquerque, Mônica C.P.A.; Silva, T.G.; Brayner, Fábio André; Alves, Luíz Carlos; Melo, Ana Maria Mendonça de Albuquerque; Silva, N.H.

doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104771

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Depsides and depsidones are lichen-derived secondary metabolites with several biological activities such as anticancer, antibacterial, antioxidant, antiparasitic, and antiviral [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. We extracted, purified, and screened the anti-DENV2 activity of Usnea baileyi , Usnea aciculifera , and Parmotrema dilatatum and found three compounds with inhibitory activity against DENV2 over 90%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The selectivity index revealed that diffractaic acid was the best among the three compounds (SI = 20.59), being twofold higher than that of barbatic acid. Moreover, a previous report suggested that barbatic acid was cytotoxic to many cancer cells but not to PBMCs [ 12 , 13 ]. Our results showed that barbatic acid was toxic to Vero cells (CC 50 = 12.10 ± 0.38 µM), corresponding to previous reports [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their core structures are composed of orcinol [ 7 ]. Depsides and depsidones with various biological activities have been reported, including antioxidant [ 8 , 9 ], antimicrobial [ 10 , 11 ], antiparasitic [ 12 ], anticancer [ 13 , 14 ], and antiviral [ 15 , 16 , 17 ]. A previous study showed that atranorin and its derivatives exhibited anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) activity in the entry and replication stage [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lichen-Derived Diffractaic Acid Inhibited Dengue Virus Replication in a Cell-Based System

et al. 2023

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Dengue is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that causes 21,000 deaths annually. Depsides and depsidones of lichens have previously been reported to be antimicrobials. In this study, our objective was to identify lichen-derived depsides and depsidones as dengue virus inhibitors. The 18 depsides and depsidones of Usnea baileyi, Usnea aciculifera, Parmotrema dilatatum, and Parmotrema tsavoense were tested against dengue virus serotype 2. Two depsides and one depsidone inhibited dengue virus serotype 2 without any apparent cytotoxicity. Diffractaic acid, barbatic acid, and Parmosidone C were three active compounds further characterized for their efficacies (EC50), cytotoxicities (CC50), and selectivity index (SI; CC50/EC50). Their EC50 (SI) values were 2.43 ± 0.19 (20.59), 0.91 ± 0.15 (13.33), and 17.42 ± 3.21 (8.95) μM, respectively. Diffractaic acid showed the highest selectivity index, and similar efficacies were also found in dengue serotypes 1–4, Zika, and chikungunya viruses. Cell-based studies revealed that the target was mainly in the late stage with replication and the formation of infectious particles. This report highlights that a lichen-derived diffractaic acid could become a mosquito-borne antiviral lead as its selectivity indices ranged from 8.07 to 20.59 with a proposed target at viral replication.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lichen-Derived Diffractaic Acid Inhibited Dengue Virus Replication in a Cell-Based System

et al. 2023

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“…Barbatic acid showed antiparasitic activity against the adult worms and larval stages of Schistosoma mansoni by causing death (IC 50 value of 99.43 μM), affecting mobility, as was reflected in movements being presented only in the extremities, and triggering tegumentary damage [ 18 , 67 ]. Moreover, this depside was active against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis (both the commercial and the clinic strains), with MIC values of 7.8 to 31.3 µg/mL [ 68 ].…”

Section: Pharmacological Activity Of Lichen Depsides and Tridepsidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(e.g., baeomycesic acid); Usnea diffracta Vain (e.g., diffractaic acid); and Cladia aggregata (Sw.) Nyl. (e.g., barbatic acid) [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Most depsides and tridepsides are found in the lichen medulla.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lichen Depsides and Tridepsides: Progress in Pharmacological Approaches

Hernández-Martín

González-Burgos

Divakar

et al. 2023

JoF

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Depsides and tridepsides are secondary metabolites found in lichens. In the last 10 years, there has been a growing interest in the pharmacological activity of these compounds. This review aims to discuss the research findings related to the biological effects and mechanisms of action of lichen depsides and tridepsides. The most studied compound is atranorin, followed by gyrophoric acid, diffractaic acid, and lecanoric acid. Antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial activities are among the most investigated activities, mainly in in vitro studies, with occasional in silico and in vivo studies. Clinical trials have not been conducted using depsides and tridepsides. Therefore, future research should focus on conducting more in vivo work and clinical trials, as well as on evaluating the other activities. Moreover, despite the significant increase in research work on the pharmacology of depsides and tridepsides, there are many of these compounds which have yet to be investigated (e.g., hiascic acid, lassalic acid, ovoic acid, crustinic acid, and hypothamnolic acid).

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Lichens: An update on their ethnopharmacological uses and potential as sources of drug leads

Adenubi

Famuyide²,

McGaw³

et al. 2022

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Barbatic acid from Cladia aggregata (lichen): Cytotoxicity and in vitro schistosomicidal evaluation and ultrastructural analysis against adult worms of Schistosoma mansoni

Cited by 7 publications

References 42 publications

Lichen-Derived Diffractaic Acid Inhibited Dengue Virus Replication in a Cell-Based System

Lichen-Derived Diffractaic Acid Inhibited Dengue Virus Replication in a Cell-Based System

Lichen Depsides and Tridepsides: Progress in Pharmacological Approaches

Lichens: An update on their ethnopharmacological uses and potential as sources of drug leads

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