Bans on electronic cigarette sales to minors and smoking among high school students

Abouk, Rahi; Adams, Scott

doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2017.03.003

Cited by 77 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…5 Table A1 provides a list of states that have implemented the e-cigarette MLSA laws over our sample period spanning 2005-2015. In contrast, results in Abouk and Adams (2017) suggest complementarity between e-cigarettes and cigarettes among the 12th graders from the Monitoring the Future project spanning up to 2014. 0.9 percentage points (pps).…”

mentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Abouk and Adams (2017), for instance, estimate that the e-cigarette MLSA laws are associated with a significant 10 pp decline in e-cigarette use among high school seniors, based on the cross-sectional evidence from the 2014 MTF wave. However, estimating the laws' effects on e-cigarette use has been a challenge because of data limitation.…”

Section: Magnitude Of the Smoking Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One particular concern is that e-cigarettes may act as a gateway toward the use of other addictive substances, such as cigarettes, marijuana, and alcohol (Gostin & Glasner, 2014;Mammen, Rehm, & Rueda, 2016;Primack, Soneji, Stoolmiller, Fine, & Sargent, 2015). First, the few studies that have explored the effect of such laws on youth smoking have arrived at mixed conclusions, and our study attempts to provide further clarity to this conflicting evidence base (Abouk & Adams, 2017;Friedman, 2015;Pesko, Hughes, & Faisal, 2016). Polysubstance use is prevalent among youth, which may lead to further spillovers from tobacco use to the use of other substances like marijuana or alcohol.…”

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confidence: 96%

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The effects of e‐cigarette minimum legal sale age laws on youth substance use

2019

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We use difference-in-differences models and individual-level data from the national and state Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System from 2005 to 2015 to examine the effects of e-cigarette minimum legal sale age (MLSA) laws on youth cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and marijuana use. Our results suggest that these laws increased youth smoking participation by about one percentage point and approximately half of the increased smoking participation could be attributed to smoking initiation. We find little evidence of higher cigarette smoking persisting beyond the point at which youth age out of the laws. Our results also show little effect of the laws on youth drinking, binge drinking, and marijuana use. Taking these together, our findings suggest a possible unintended effect of e-cigarette MLSA laws-rising cigarette use in the short term while youth are restricted from purchasing e-cigarettes.

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confidence: 76%

Section: Magnitude Of the Smoking Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 96%

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The effects of e‐cigarette minimum legal sale age laws on youth substance use

2019

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“…While several studies have evaluated the effect of ENDS minimum legal purchase age laws on traditional cigarette use (Friedman, 2015; Pesko et al, 2016; Pesko and Currie, 2016; Dave et al, 2017; Abouk and Adams, 2017), no published estimates exist on the effect of ENDS IVRs on cigarette use. In our current study, we estimate the impact of ENDS IVRs on adult pregnant women, rather than teenagers, to study this relationship unhindered by state efforts to restrict youth ENDS access through channels other than ENDS IVRs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five studies have used difference-in-differences models to evaluate the effect of enacting these ENDS minimum legal sale age laws on use of tobacco among teens, with four of these studies suggesting that the laws raise teenage cigarette use (Friedman, 2015; Pesko et al, 2016; Pesko and Currie, 2016; Dave et al, 2017) and a fifth study suggesting that it does not and may even lower cigarette use for certain populations (Abouk and Adams, 2017). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of e-cigarette indoor vaping restrictions on adult prenatal smoking and birth outcomes

Cooper

Pesko

2017

Journal of Health Economics

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We estimate the effect of county-level e-cigarette indoor vaping restrictions on adult prenatal smoking and birth outcomes using United States birth record data for 7 million pregnant women living in places already comprehensively banning the indoor use of traditional cigarettes. We use both cross-sectional and panel data to estimate our difference-in-difference models. Our panel model results suggest that adoption of a comprehensive indoor vaping restriction increased prenatal smoking by 2.0 percentage points, which is double the estimate obtained from a cross-sectional model. We also document heterogeneity in effect sizes along lines of age, education, and type of insurance.

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Association of Canada’s Provincial Bans on Electronic Cigarette Sales to Minors With Electronic Cigarette Use Among Youths

Nguyen

2020

JAMA Pediatr

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Banning electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) sales to minors has been a key policy to protect children from e-cigarettes in the United States and Canada, but to date little is known about the outcome of such a ban.OBJECTIVES To investigate the association of banning e-cigarette sales to minors in Canada with e-cigarette use among youths and the mechanisms through which a ban might be associated with their e-cigarette use. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSThis quasi-experimental difference-in-differences and triple-differences study used data from the nationally representative Canadian Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Survey (2013-2017) and Canadian Student Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Survey (2014-2017). Study samples consisted of respondents aged 15 to 18 years (in difference-in-differences analysis; n = 8212) and aged 15 to 25 years (in triple-differences analysis; n = 20 934) in the Canadian Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Survey, and students in grades 6 to 12 (in difference-in-differences analysis; n = 78 650) in the Canadian Student Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Survey. INTERVENTIONS Canada's provincial bans on e-cigarette sales to youths younger than 18 or 19 years (depending on province) implemented between 2015 and 2017. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe primary outcome was past 30-day e-cigarette use among youths. Secondary outcomes were difficulty of access to e-cigarettes, perception of e-cigarette harm, and use of social sources of e-cigarettes. RESULTSAfter the bans, e-cigarette use among youths increased in all provinces, but the increase was 3.1 percentage points (95% CI, 0.2-6.0; P = .04), or 79%, lower in provinces with a ban than in provinces without a ban. Youths in provinces with a ban were 2.6 percentage points (95% CI, 1.5-3.7; P = .001), or 18%, less likely to believe that regular e-cigarette use poses no harm and 6.2 percentage points (95% CI, 1.1-11.4; P = .02), or 16%, more likely to self-report greater difficulty in obtaining e-cigarettes. Among youths who reported using e-cigarettes, the likelihood of obtaining e-cigarettes from social sources was 17.3 percentage points (95% CI, 5.2 -29.4; P = .01), or 29%, higher in provinces with a ban. These findings were robust to several sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEBanning e-cigarette sales to minors was associated with a significant reduction in the rate of increase in e-cigarette use by youths, but this policy alone could not reverse the overall increase in e-cigarette use. The findings from this study suggest that this policy should be supplemented with other measures that can reduce young people's desire to obtain e-cigarettes through social sources, such as a ban on e-cigarettes with flavors that appeal to youths and children.

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Bans on electronic cigarette sales to minors and smoking among high school students

Cited by 77 publications

References 18 publications

The effects of e‐cigarette minimum legal sale age laws on youth substance use

The effects of e‐cigarette minimum legal sale age laws on youth substance use

The effect of e-cigarette indoor vaping restrictions on adult prenatal smoking and birth outcomes

Association of Canada’s Provincial Bans on Electronic Cigarette Sales to Minors With Electronic Cigarette Use Among Youths

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