Banking of perinatal mesenchymal stem/stromal cells for stem cell-based personalized medicine over lifetime: Matters arising

Abstract

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are currently applied in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Numerous clinical studies have indicated that MSCs from different tissue sources can provide therapeutic benefits for patients. MSCs derived from either human adult or perinatal tissues have their own unique advantages in their medical practices. Usually, clinical studies are conducted by using of cultured MSCs after thawing or short-term cryopreserved-then-thawed MSCs prior to administration for the treatment of a wide range of diseases and medical disorders. Currently, cryogenically banking perinatal MSCs for potential personalized medicine for later use in lifetime has raised growing interest in China as well as in many other countries. Meanwhile, this has led to questions regarding the availability, stability, consistency, multipotency, and therapeutic efficiency of the potential perinatal MSC-derived therapeutic products after long-term cryostorage. This opinion review does not minimize any therapeutic benefit of perinatal MSCs in many diseases after short-term cryopreservation. This article mainly describes what is known about banking perinatal MSCs in China and, importantly, it is to recognize the limitation and uncertainty of the perinatal MSCs stored in cryobanks for stem cell medical treatments in whole life. This article also provides several recommendations for banking of perinatal MSCs for potentially future personalized medicine, albeit it is impossible to anticipate whether the donor will benefit from banked MSCs during her/his lifetime.

Off-the-Shelf Cord-Blood Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Production, Quality Control, and Clinical Use

“…Though MSC(CB) batches were largely similar, detailed knowledge of molecular differences may be useful in achieving the desired therapeutic effect in a clinical setting. Our studies of the functional heterogeneity of MSC(CB) confirm the findings of others studying neonatal-derived MSCs and support their use in personalized medicine [ 57 , 58 ].…”

“…Also, the choice to use FBS instead of animal-free alternatives has been proven to be successful due to its consistency, regulatory acceptance, reliability, cost-effectiveness, and strong track record in clinical trials [ 54 ]. In summary, with a well-defined manufacturing process, we were able to generate sufficient inventory for the treatment of large cohorts of patients [ 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 ].…”

3D skin bioprinting as promising therapeutic strategy for radiation‐associated skin injuries

“…13,26 Previously, stem cell banking has been established for regenerative and personalised medicine. 45,46 So, it is necessary to consider setting up specialised seed cells banking for 3D skin bioprinting to meet future medical needs. Ideally, the best source of seed cells should be autologous cells, but the overall situations of patients usually do not allow or cannot wait to achieve enough autologous cells.…”

“…However, how to obtain seed cells such as keratinocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and so forth, which are in great demand within a short period, will be the primary problem facing the implementation of the above strategy. At present, a series of seed cell banks have been established for some important adult stem cells, 45,46 such as haematopoietic stem cells, neural stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and so forth, which provide a reference for solving the above problems. The authors believe that further development of seed cell banks specific for 3D skin bioprinting should be planned systematically.…”

Adipose-Derived Stem Cells: Angiogenetic Potential and Utility in Tissue Engineering

“…Perinatal stem cells, including amniotic fluid stem cells, exhibit multipotent differentiation capabilities. Additionally, umbilical cord blood stem cells are employed in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, while cord tissue stem cells (mesenchymal stem cells), dental pulp stem cells (multipotent stem cells), and ADSCs are also notable sources [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Several concerns have been raised regarding the procurement of human embryonic stem cells.…”