In the light of current studies in language typology, this paper introduces one of the latest linguistic developments in China, i.e. the theory of Linguistic Inventory Typology. This theory holds that linguistic forms in a language tend to be language-particular, which constitute an inventory of their own, yet human cognition and common communication needs will lead them to unity. Some major insights from this theory, such as mighty category, cross-categorical correspondence, inventory split, in-/out-of-inventory, two-way interaction and non-independence, etc. are addressed in this paper with examples.