Band bending in field emission spectroscopy from the zinc oxide (0001) polar face

Rihon, N.

doi:10.1002/pssa.2210630228

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 18 publications

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“…(1) The physical reasons for the observed departure from Fowler-Nordheim law at high voltages needs to be investigated with specific attention to the clarification of the energy states of the emitted electrons and also the influence of high-density surface states. 42 (2) A better understanding of the exact effect of the emitter morphology on the efficiency of field emission. This requires the availability of well-controlled and well-defined sample geometries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field emission in ordered arrays of ZnO nanowires prepared by nanosphere lithography and extended Fowler-Nordheim analyses

McCarthy

Garry

Byrne

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Physics

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Screened field enhancement factor for the floating sphere model of a carbon nanotube array J. Appl. Phys. 110, 114311 (2011) Field-emission-assisted approach to dry micro-electro-discharge machining of carbon-nanotube forests J. Appl. Phys. 110, 103305 (2011) The hysteresis phenomenon of the field emission from the graphene film Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 173104 (2011) Temperature dependence of the field emission from the few-layer graphene film Appl. Phys. Lett. 99, 163103 (2011) Additional information on J. Appl. Phys. A multistage chemical method based on nanosphere lithography was used to produce hexagonally patterned arrays of ZnO vertical nanowires, with 1 lm interspacing and aspect ratio $20, with a view to study the effects of emitter uniformity on the current emitted upon application of a dc voltage across a 250 lm vacuum gap. A new treatment, based on the use of analytical expressions for the image-potential correction functions, was applied to the linear region below 2000 V of the Fowler-Nordheim (FN) plot and showed the most suitable value of the work function / in the range 3.3-4.5 eV (conduction band emission) with a Schottky lowering parameter y $ 0.72 and a field enhancement factor c in the 700-1100 range. A modeled c value of $200 was calculated for an emitter shape of a prolate ellipsoid of revolution and also including the effect of nanowire screening, in fair agreement with the experimental value. The Fowler-Nordheim current densities and effective emission areas were derived as 10 11 Am À2 and 10 À17 m 2 , respectively, showing that field emission likely takes place in an area of atomic dimensions at the tip of the emitter. Possible causes for the observed departure from linear FN plot behavior above 2000 V were discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%