Band-application of phosphorus with farm manure improves phosphorus use efficiency, productivity, and net returns of wheat on sandy clay loam soil

Abstract

Phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) is very low in alkaline calcareous soils; however, it can be improved by using suitable application methods along with farm manure (FM). The present field study was conducted to optimize phosphorus (P) levels and application methods in order to maximize wheat yield, PUE, and net returns on calcareous soils with and without FM application. Five P soil solution levels, i.e. 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, and 0.30 mg P L -1 , were maintained according to the Freundlich model through the application of 0, 36, 61, 104, and 142 kg P 2 O 5 ha -1 , respectively. The calculated P (0, 36, 61, 104, and 142 kg P 2 O 5 ha -1 ) was applied by broadcasting, band-placement, and top-dressing, with or without 300 kg ha -1 well-rotted FM. The results revealed that the bandplacement technique at 104 kg P 2 O 5 ha -1 improved PUE and wheat output with and without FM application. Furthermore, wheat grain and straw P uptake was high at 142 kg P 2 O 5 ha -1 . In addition, protein content and Olsen P were high at 142 kg P 2 O 5 ha -1 . The band-placement technique at 104 kg P 2 O 5 ha -1 increased net returns and the cost/benefit ratio. FM application further augmented the productivity, PUE, and net returns under various P levels and application techniques. In conclusion, band-placement of P at 104 kg P 2 O 5 ha -1 with FM improved yield, PUE, and net returns of wheat sown on sandy clay loam calcareous soils.

Phosphate-Solubilizing Bacteria Nullify the Antagonistic Effect of Soil Calcification on Bioavailability of Phosphorus in Alkaline Soils

“…Calcareous soils, such as Inceptisols, Entisols, Alfisols and Vertisols, are most abundant in arid and semi-arid zones of the world. In Pakistan, most of the soils are calcareous in nature, and consequently, 90% of soils in Pakistan are moderately to severely deficient in phosphorus 6 . In Pakistan, the total application of P fertilizer (DAP and TSP) for wheat cultivation alone is estimated to be 250,500 tons, although only 15–20% of the applied P becomes available to plants 7 .…”

Integration of poultry manure and phosphate solubilizing bacteria improved availability of Ca bound P in calcareous soils

“…Khan et al (2009) estimated that if the accumulated P in agricultural soils is made available by certain means, it will be enough to support optimum plant growth for almost 100 years. Calcareous soils [which are most abundant in Pakistan (Rehim 2016)] due to its high content of calcite may fix substantial amounts of P (Li and Marschner 2019). However, integrated application of P fertilizers with organic substrates (PM, FYM, etc.…”

“…As most of Pakistan's soils are calcareous and hence deficient (90%) in available P (Rehim 2016). Therefore, the use of PSB and PM for improving P availability could be an efficient approach.…”

Integration of Composts with NPK Improved Soil Fertility, Growth and Yield of Sorghum in Sandy Desert Soils of Sudan

“…Worldwide increase in area under cultivation in irrigated agriculture has been long achieved with addition of fertilizers, i.e., NPK. However, researchers reported a considerable encouragement for using organic manures in irrigated sandy soils (Ozores-Hampton et al 2011;Mubarak and Ballah 2015;Rehim et al 2016). The North Kordofan State enjoys considerable number of livestock including chicken, sheep, goats, camels and cattle that represented about 37 % of Sudan's animal resources.…”