Ballistic Protection

Cooper, Graham; Gotts, Philip

doi:10.1007/1-84628-060-5_4

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…For high impact energy ammunitions, such as 7.62 mm, one single material armor is not efficient enough to either stop the projectile or prevent a lethal trauma to the wearer [1][2] . For this type of ammunition, light and efficient solutions have been developed, in the form of Multilayered Armor Systems (MAS), also called Composite Armor [3][4][5][6] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ballistic Efficiency of Multilayered Armor Systems with Sisal Fiber Polyester Composites

et al. 2018

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The urban violence and the different types of global armed conflicts demand efficient protective systems against high energy ammunition. Multilayered Armor Systems (MAS) provide efficient protection by making use of lighter and more efficient materials. A typical MAS may be composed of three layers: a front ceramic followed by a composite, backed by a ductile metal. Polymer composites reinforced with natural fibers have proven to be effective second layers, being also lighter, low-cost and environmentally friendly as compared to conventional composites like Kevlar TM . The present work evaluates MAS using as second layer polyester composites reinforced with 10, 20, and 30 vol. % of sisal fibers. Ballistic tests were performed using class III 7.62x51 mm ammunition, based on the NIJ 0101.06 backface signature methodology. Both the 30 vol.% sisal fiber composite and the conventional aramid laminates were equally efficient in terms of MAS second layer. The explanation might be the similar capacity of the different composites to retain the fragments generated by the interaction of the projectile with the front ceramic, independently of the percentage of sisal fibers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ballistic Efficiency of Multilayered Armor Systems with Sisal Fiber Polyester Composites

et al. 2018

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“…Analysis of the literature [1][2][3][4][5] shows that 90% of gunshot wounds are those caused by fragments, and only 10% of wounds are inflicted after a direct hit from various types of ammunition projectiles. Most wounds affect limbs (approximately 61% to the head and neck, approximately 12% to the abdomen and chest, and approximately 27% to limbs and other parts of the body (see Table 1)).…”

Section: Analysis Of Risks and Their Minimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 1. Relative distribution of general injuries to different parts of the human body surface (%) [1,2,4,5]. World War II Korea Vietnam Iraq Afghanistan Head and neck 12 21 21 16 30 Chest 16 14 10 13 6 Abdomen 11 8 9 10 9 Limbs and other parts of the body 61 58 60 61 55 As has been shown in recent armed conflicts [2], the main threats causing head injuries can be divided into three groups: ballistic, blunt, and explosive (see Table 2).…”

Section: Analysis Of Risks and Their Minimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ballistic Head Protection in the Light of Injury Criteria in the Case of the Wz.93 Combat Helmet

et al. 2019

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This paper discusses the general conditions relating to ballistic head protection, analyzing the risks that may occur on contemporary battlefields. A thorough literature review has enabled us to present development trends for helmets used in the largest armies in the world. The authors have focused on impacts to the helmet shell, overloading the entire helmet-protected head–neck system. The main objective of this study is to investigate the protective capability of a helmet shell when subjected to projectile–helmet contact, with contact curvature taken as being an indicator of the impact energy concentration. Blunt head trauma was estimated using backface deformation (BFD). The Wz.93 combat helmet was used for testing. Analytically, dependencies were derived to determine the scope of BFD. A five-parameter model of the helmet piercing process was adopted, thus obtaining the optimal BFD range. Verification of theoretical considerations was carried out on a specially developed research stand. In the ballistic tests, dynamic deflection of the helmet’s body was registered using a speed camera. On the impact testing stand, a fragment of the helmet was pierced, producing results in the low impact velocity range. Data have been presented on the appropriate graph in order to compare them with values specified in the relevant standard and existing literature. Our results correlate well with the norm and literature values.

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“…The large financial resources currently employed in armed conflicts are responsible for not only the recent improvement of weaponry and ammunition but also for the development of new materials to resist increasing fire power. In this scenario, there is a growing interest for the research and development of materials for ballistic applications [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For personal protection armor, which is a category that includes ballistic vests, helmets, and bomb disposal suits, the search for the best performance should also take into account the mobility of the wearer, since this is critical for the success of missions 1,11 . The optimal design of an armor system should balance two conflicting characteristics, efficient protection and mobility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Thickness on Aramid Fabric Laminates Subjected to 7.62 MM Ammunition Ballistic Impact

2017

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Due to increasing improvement of weaponry and ammunition, attention is being given to the development of new materials that could more effectively resist to ballistic impact. In order to stop high energy bullets, with speed above 800 m/s, a high strength material is necessary. However, if just one material is used, then a relatively thick piece is required, which might affect negatively the wearer mobility. The objective of this work is to investigate the effect of thickness on the ballistic behavior of aramid fabric laminates, Kevlar ® , hit by high energy bullet. The purpose is to find the minimum thickness to avoid perforation. Ballistic tests using conventional 7.62 mm ammunition were performed according to standard procedures. The macro and microscopic aspects of the target specimens were evaluated. The results showed a change in the ballistic behavior of the laminates as their thickness increased. It was found that until the laminate was able to capture the bullet, 96 layers (~50 mm) were required. This is significantly higher than the necessary thickness for a multilayered armor to stop the same 7.62 mm bullet.

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Ballistic Protection

Cited by 15 publications

References 7 publications

Ballistic Efficiency of Multilayered Armor Systems with Sisal Fiber Polyester Composites

Ballistic Efficiency of Multilayered Armor Systems with Sisal Fiber Polyester Composites

Ballistic Head Protection in the Light of Injury Criteria in the Case of the Wz.93 Combat Helmet

The Effect of Thickness on Aramid Fabric Laminates Subjected to 7.62 MM Ammunition Ballistic Impact

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