Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans in Children

Abstract

Balanitis xerotica obliterans was studied in 48 fully developed and 6 early cases in children aged 2-15 years. It occurred in 9% of 100 consecutive circumcisions for all, including religious, reasons and in 19% of 232 other circumcisions for disease of the prepuce and penis. Seven cases developed after surgery for hypospadias. The boys nearly always presented with inability to retract the prepuce; half also had discomfort after micturition, and a quarter had obstructive signs, usually minor. At surgery, half had involvement of glans or meatus, previously considered rare in childhood, 3 requiring meatotomy. The condition, once seen, was easily recognized clinically as well as microscopically. The early cases, characterized by focal narrow hyaline edematous zones in severe diffuse chronic balanitis, suggest that the condition may be an inflammation in which the usual increased permeability of small vessels in inflammatory reaction is accentuated in a loose vascular region.

Long standing balanitis xerotica obliterans resulting in renal impairment in a child

“…The median age for presentation with BXO induced phimosis is 8-10 years old [1][2][3]. BXO occurs in about 10% boys [4,5] that present for circumcision for both medical and nonmedical reasons and in up to 40% of boys who present with phimosis.…”

Die Meatusstenose

“…Auch Kinder sind von der Erkrankung betroffen [1,5]. So wiesen Gargollo et al [5] bei 87% der Jungen mit einer Meatus stenose einen glandulären Befall durch ei nen LS nach, umgekehrt lag bei einem Be fall der Glans durch einen LS eine Mea tusstenose in 57% der Fälle vor [15].…”

“…So wiesen Gargollo et al [5] bei 87% der Jungen mit einer Meatus stenose einen glandulären Befall durch ei nen LS nach, umgekehrt lag bei einem Be fall der Glans durch einen LS eine Mea tusstenose in 57% der Fälle vor [15]. Die dabei erhöhte Rezidivrate nach chirur gischem Eingriff deckt sich mit den Be obachtungen anderer Arbeitsgruppen [1,4]. Kulkarni et al [9] beschrieben bei Pa tienten mit Befall der Glans und einer Meatusstenose nach erfolgter plastischer Meatotomie eine Erfolgsrate von 80%.…”

Lesions of the Foreskin – Histopathological Study of Circumcision Specimens

“…BXO is largely under diagnosed and may be often missed clinically. The diagnosis is made only on histological examinations in such cases (5) . The literature review shows only few studies dealing with histopathology of prepuce after circumcision.…”