Abstract:O trabalho trata da determinação do balanço hídrico de uma cultura de aveia forrageira de inverno (variedade São Carlos), cultivada sob condições de irrigação por aspersão, com o objetivo de obter informações básicas sobre seu comportamento sob regime de irrigação e de sua demanda hídrica para a região de São Carlos, SP. Os resultados de produtividade da cultura e dos balanços hídricos sob duas condições de disponibilidade hídrica no solo dão indicações de que o menor nível de disponibilidade de água no solo, … Show more
“…For the accumulated rainfall (Figure 1, graph C) that occurred during the white oat cycle, significant differences can be observed, in July the rainfall was less than 50 mm. Bacchi et al (1996), stated that white oat needs 4 mm/day for proper plant development, which corresponds to 120 mm in a month, in April and July, there was a water deficit, where in April it was recorded 60 mm. and in July approximately 25 mm of precipitation.…”
The objective of the study was to evidence efficient management strategies in order to maximize the organic cultivation system promotes a new dynamic in the behavior of white oat genotypes, where it is necessary to evidence genotypes with superior performance. The study aimed to highlight the productive performance and genetic diversity of white oat genotypes in an organic system. The experiment was carried out in the municipality of Augusto Pestana - RS, in the 2021 crop year. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with four treatments arranged in five replications. The treatments correspond to the cultivars IPR Artemis, URS Taura, URS Corona and URS Brava. It is observed that there is a possibility of indirect selection of productive genotypes through the mass of grains per panicle and number of grains per panicle. Brava and Taura are the most divergent genotypes. Through the analysis of the white oat genotypes, it is highlighted that it is possible to promote the proper positioning of the genotypes in the organic system. In addition, the existence of genetic divergence between the genotypes is evidenced. The components that determined the productivity of white oat cultivars in organic system were number of plants per square meter, number and grain weight per plant. The cultivar IPR Artemis and URS Taura showed similarity for plant height and height of panicle insertion, tillering and grain yield, URS Brava and URS Corona are similar in terms of the number of grains per plant. IPR Artemis is recommended for grain yield in an organic system.
“…For the accumulated rainfall (Figure 1, graph C) that occurred during the white oat cycle, significant differences can be observed, in July the rainfall was less than 50 mm. Bacchi et al (1996), stated that white oat needs 4 mm/day for proper plant development, which corresponds to 120 mm in a month, in April and July, there was a water deficit, where in April it was recorded 60 mm. and in July approximately 25 mm of precipitation.…”
The objective of the study was to evidence efficient management strategies in order to maximize the organic cultivation system promotes a new dynamic in the behavior of white oat genotypes, where it is necessary to evidence genotypes with superior performance. The study aimed to highlight the productive performance and genetic diversity of white oat genotypes in an organic system. The experiment was carried out in the municipality of Augusto Pestana - RS, in the 2021 crop year. The experimental design used was randomized blocks with four treatments arranged in five replications. The treatments correspond to the cultivars IPR Artemis, URS Taura, URS Corona and URS Brava. It is observed that there is a possibility of indirect selection of productive genotypes through the mass of grains per panicle and number of grains per panicle. Brava and Taura are the most divergent genotypes. Through the analysis of the white oat genotypes, it is highlighted that it is possible to promote the proper positioning of the genotypes in the organic system. In addition, the existence of genetic divergence between the genotypes is evidenced. The components that determined the productivity of white oat cultivars in organic system were number of plants per square meter, number and grain weight per plant. The cultivar IPR Artemis and URS Taura showed similarity for plant height and height of panicle insertion, tillering and grain yield, URS Brava and URS Corona are similar in terms of the number of grains per plant. IPR Artemis is recommended for grain yield in an organic system.
“…Isto foi possível devido aos valores positivos de armazenagem de água no solo observados logo após os eventos de precipitação e principalmente devido à ascensão capilar da água no solo na profundidade de 0,40 m (Figura 6). Cabe ressaltar que os resultados desta pesquisa, a qual não tinha por objetivo testar doses de adubos, e empregou apenas a dosagem de N, P 2 O 5 e K 2 O recomendada para o estado de São Paulo, alcançou um valor médio de 3,1 t ha -1 de MS ficando dentro da média de produção para o estado (3-8 t ha -1 ), porém abaixo do valor alcançado por pesquisas como de Bacchi et al (1996) e de Primavesi et al (2007). Ocorreram chuvas apenas no início do desenvolvimento da cultura o que garantiu o suprimento inicial de água no solo e, ao longo do ciclo da aveia-preta, a ausência de precipitações contribuiu para que a variação da armazenagem de água no solo fosse negativa especialmente na fase de florescimento (Figura 6).…”
Section: Resultsunclassified
“…Contudo, o conhecimento da demanda hídrica da aveia-preta é fundamental para sua produção racional nas condições climáticas da região sudeste com e sem irrigação. Ferreira et al (1991) encontraram valores de evapotranspiração da aveia-preta irrigada variando de 1 a 4 mm dia -1 e produção de matéria seca de 3,7 t ha -1 e Bacchi et al (1996) encontraram valores de 1 a 6 mm dia -1 e 5,7 t ha -1 de produção de matéria seca.…”
Knowing the water demand of black oat is of great importance for its rational production in climatic conditions of the southeastern region with and without irrigation. The experiment addresses determination of water balance in the soil grown with black oat, a winter forage,
“…The total rainfall during the oats growth period in 2006 was 97 mm in the first four months (IAPAR, 2009), which added to 60 mm applied results in 157 mm. This is not enough for the full expression of oats potential, which is achieved with approximately 480 mm (Bacchi et al, 1996).…”
Weed control has always been an important issue in agriculture. With the advent of no-till systems, soil erosion was reduced but herbicide use was increased. Organic no-till systems try to adjust reduced erosion to the no use of herbicides. Nevertheless, this adjustment is limited by the cost of mechanical weed control. This cost may be reduced by improved cultural weed control with cover crops mulches. In this paper we report a study on the application of compost manure on an oats winter cover crop, preceding soybean, instead of on the soybean summer crop. Treatments comprised a control without compost manure, and compost manure doses of 4 and 8 Mg ha-1 applied either on oats in winter or soybean in summer, organized in a randomized block design, with five replications. In summer, plots were split into weed-controlled or not controlled subplots. The timing of application and the manure doses did not affect the oats biomass or the soybean performance. However, in summer, without water stress, the application of manure at 8 Mg ha-1 directly on soybean has reduced weed biomass in this crop.
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