Balancing Renewable Electricity

Raising awareness in model-based energy scenario studies—a transparency checklist

“…Over time, a number of studies (e.g. [11][12][13][14][15][16]) have presented numerous classifications of energy models which provide insight into the differences and similarities between the models to facilitate the understanding of ESS.…”

Development of single-switch model for current sensorless control of bidirectional half-bridge AC/DC converter

“…It is requested by needs of contemporary households, where bidirectional AC/DC converters are utilized in harmonics compensation [9], energy storage applications [10], PV converters with snow melting functionality (that is relevant in Northern countries) [11], [12], electrical vehicle charger/dischargers (known as V2G-vehicle to grid concept) [13], [14].…”

Integrating Renewables in Distribution Grids : Storage, regulation and the interaction of different stakeholders in future grids

“…This effect with a positive influence on the local voltage values has already been described in Section 2.2 focusing on the general technical challenges in distribution grids. In Droste-Franke et al (2012) it is stated that storage assets enhance the operation of generators in distribution grids in three ways. First, they can enable a constant and stable output (stabilization).…”

“…As a further important step, the parameter E2P is introduced to describe the relation between the capacity C and the power P (for a detailed definition, see Droste-Franke et al (2012)). This parameter indicates the time the storage has to operate with the given power P, whereby P=max(P I , P O ), to cope with a certain feed-in.…”

“…As a main characteristic of storage devices, Droste-Franke et al (2012) defines the E2P-ratio [h] as the quotient of the maximum used energy capacity [MWh] and the maximum power of the storage asset [MW]. Later on in Section 4.4, realistic E2P-ratios are derived for the storage operation to cope with PV and wind feed-in peaks as well as values for the charging capacity exploited in charging cycle n (denoted as ΔE2P n ) and the number of charging cycles N. Whereas the first value is an indicator for investment costs, the latter can be interpreted as a characteristic for the wearing of the storage asset.…”