Baicalin, a natural antimicrobial and anti-biofilm agent

Ozma, Mahdi Asghari; Khodadadi, Ehsaneh; Pakdel, Farzaneh; Kamounah, Fadhil S.; Yousefi, Mehdi; Yousefi, Bahman; Asgharzadeh, Mohammad; Ganbarov, Khudaverdi; Kafil, Hossein Samadi

doi:10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100432

Cited by 39 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…The antimicrobial and anti-biofilm properties of some plant extracts have been proven by numerous studies. This activity is generally attributed to bioactive components such as terpenoids, saponins, alkaloids, and glycosides in plant extracts (Mathlouthi et al 2021 ; Ozma et al 2021 ; Thakur et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Down-regulation of biofilm-associated genes in mecA-positive methicillin-resistant S. aureus treated with M. communis extract and its antibacterial activity

Khaleghi

Khorrami

2021

AMB Expr

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Considering the prevalence of resistance to antibiotics, the discovery of effective agents against resistant pathogens is of extreme urgency. Herein, 26 mecA-positive methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolated from clinical samples were identified, and their resistance to 11 antibiotics was investigated. Next, the antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity of the ethanolic extract of M. communis on these strains was evaluated. Furthermore, the effect of this extract on the expression of biofilm-associated genes, icaA, icaD, bap, sarA, and agr, was studied. According to the results, all isolated strains were multidrug-resistant and showed resistance to oxacillin and tetracycline. Also, 96.15 and 88.46 % of them were resistant to gentamicin and erythromycin. However, the extract could effectively combat the strains. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against different strains ranged from 1.56 to 25 mg/ml and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was between 3.125 and 50 mg/ml. Even though most MRSA (67 %) strongly produced biofilm, the sub-MIC concentration of the extract destroyed the pre-formed biofilm and affected the bacterial cells inside the biofilm. It could also inhibit biofilm development by significantly decreasing the expression of icaA, icaD, sarA and bap genes involved in biofilm formation and development. In conclusion, the extract inhibits biofilm formation, ruins pre-formed biofilm, and kills cells living inside the biofilm. Furthermore, it down-regulates the expression of necessary genes and nips the biofilm formation in the bud.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Down-regulation of biofilm-associated genes in mecA-positive methicillin-resistant S. aureus treated with M. communis extract and its antibacterial activity

Khaleghi

Khorrami

2021

AMB Expr

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“…As an alternative to synthetic drugs, antimicrobial compounds from natural sources have gained increasing attention. Whether used to treat the symptoms, subsequential conditions, or the infection itself, natural compounds are of great importance in dealing with oral infections [ 5 , 8 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 54 , 68 , 74 , 75 , 76 ].…”

Section: Natural Sources Of Antimicrobial Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Baicalein, the most important compound from this plant’s root extract, has antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities, which can be applied for treating several diseases. In addition, these naturally occurring anti-biofilm compounds are considered promising for novel strategies in combating pathogenic bacteria and treating biofilm-associated infections [ 11 ]. For instance, over 70% inhibition of C. albicans biofilms was registered for concentrations between 4 and 32 μg/mL [ 107 ].…”

Section: Natural Sources Of Antimicrobial Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…What is more, the use of synthetic chemical antimicrobials has been shown to produce drug-resistant microorganism strains which are no longer affected by conventional treatments. Hence, there emerged the need to develop novel treatment options [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To overcome the issues associated with chemical products, natural compounds have attracted interest in preventing and treating oral infections [ 5 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. In this respect, a broad range of natural sources has been investigated for their pharmacological properties to find better solutions for bacterial, fungal, and viral oral infections [ 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural Compounds for Preventing Ear, Nose, and Throat-Related Oral Infections

Niculescu

Grumezescu

2021

Plants

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Oral health is an essential element in maintaining general well-being. By preserving the complex equilibrium within the oral microbial community, commensal microorganisms can protect against extrinsic pathogenic threats. However, when an imbalance occurs, the organism is susceptible to a broad range of infections. Synthetic drugs can be administered to help the body fight against the fungal, bacterial, or viral burden. Nonetheless, they may produce undesirable consequences such as toxicity, adverse effects, and drug resistance. In this respect, research has focused on finding safer and more efficient alternatives. Particularly, increasing attention has been drawn towards developing novel formulations based on natural compounds. This paper reviews the plant-based, algae-based, and beehive products investigated for their antimicrobial properties, aiming to thoroughly present the state of the art on oral infection prevention in the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) field.

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Comparing proteome changes involved in biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans after exposure to sucrose and starch

Rezaei

Kamounah

Khodadadi

et al. 2023

Biotech and App Biochem

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Streptococcus mutans is a main organism of tooth infections including tooth decay and periodontitis. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of sucrose and starch on biofilm formation and proteome profile of S. mutans ATCC 35668 strain. The biofilm formation was assessed by microtiter plating method. Changes in bacterial proteins after exposure to sucrose and starch carbohydrates were analyzed using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. The biofilm formation of S. mutans was increased to 391.76% in 1% sucrose concentration, 165.76% in 1% starch, and 264.27% in the 0.5% sucrose plus 0.5% starch in comparison to biofilm formation in the media without sugars. The abundance of glutamines, adenylate kinase, and 50S ribosomal protein L29 was increased under exposure to sucrose. Upregulation of lactate utilization protein C, 5‐hydroxybenzimidazole synthase BzaA, and 50S ribosomal protein L16 was formed under starch exposure. Ribosome‐recycling factor, peptide chain release factor 1, and peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase MsrB were upregulated under exposure to sucrose in combination with starch. The results demonstrated that the carbohydrates increase microbial pathogenicity. In addition, sucrose and starch carbohydrates can induce biofilm formation of S. mutans via various mechanisms such as changes in the expression of special proteins.

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Baicalin, a natural antimicrobial and anti-biofilm agent

Cited by 39 publications

References 95 publications

Down-regulation of biofilm-associated genes in mecA-positive methicillin-resistant S. aureus treated with M. communis extract and its antibacterial activity

Down-regulation of biofilm-associated genes in mecA-positive methicillin-resistant S. aureus treated with M. communis extract and its antibacterial activity

Natural Compounds for Preventing Ear, Nose, and Throat-Related Oral Infections

Comparing proteome changes involved in biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans after exposure to sucrose and starch

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