Bacteriology of Wound - Clinical Utility of Gram Stain Microscopy and the Correlation with Culture

Kaftandzieva, Ana; Cekovska, Zhaklina; Kaftandziev, Igor; Petrovska, Milena; Panovski, Nikola

doi:10.3889/mjms.1857-5773.2012.0201

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…We noticed that 78.4% of pus samples demonstrated bacterial growth in selective medium and agar medium; this rate of isolation of pathogens is relatively higher than those in previous reports, 70.5% in [ 38 ] and 55.5% in [ 39 ]. Out of the total bacterial isolates, 61% were gram-negative bacteria, and 39% were gram-positive bacteria.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

Isolation and in vitro evaluation of bacteriophages against MDR-bacterial isolates from septic wound infections

et al. 2017

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Multi-drug resistance has become a major problem for the treatment of pathogenic bacterial infections. The use of bacteriophages is an attractive approach to overcome the problem of drug resistance in several pathogens that cause fatal diseases. Our study aimed to isolate multi drug resistant bacteria from patients with septic wounds and then isolate and apply bacteriophages in vitro as alternative therapeutic agents. Pus samples were aseptically collected from Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Science (RIMS), Kadapa, A.P., and samples were analyzed by gram staining, evaluating morphological characteristics, and biochemical methods. MDR-bacterial strains were collected using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method against a variety of antibiotics. Bacteriophages were collected and tested in vitro for lytic activity against MDR-bacterial isolates. Analysis of the pus swab samples revealed that the most of the isolates detected had Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the predominant bacterium, followed by Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. Our results suggested that gram-negative bacteria were more predominant than gram-positive bacteria in septic wounds; most of these isolates were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, penicillin, vancomycin and tetracycline. All the gram-positive isolates (100%) were multi-drug resistant, whereas 86% of the gram-negative isolates had a drug resistant nature. Further bacteriophages isolated from sewage demonstrated perfect lytic activity against the multi-drug resistant bacteria causing septic wounds. In vitro analysis of the isolated bacteriophages demonstrated perfect lysis against the corresponding MDR-bacteria, and these isolated phages may be promising as a first choice for prophylaxis against wound sepsis, Moreover, phage therapy does not enhance multi-drug resistance in bacteria and could work simultaneously on a wide variety of MDR-bacteria when used in a bacteriophage cocktail. Hence, our results suggest that these bacteriophages could be potential therapeutic options for treating septic wounds caused by P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, K. pneumoniae and E. coli.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

Isolation and in vitro evaluation of bacteriophages against MDR-bacterial isolates from septic wound infections

et al. 2017

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“…In our present study, 60.20% of pus samples showed bacterial growth. This isolation rate of pathogen is relatively lower (70.50%) than that previously observed in Ethiopia (Azene & Beyene 2011) but higher (55.50%) than that previously observed in Skopje (Kaftandzieva et al 2012). …”

Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 46%

Bacteriological Study of Wound Infection and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of the Isolates

Shrestha

2014

Nepal Journal of Science and Technology

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Wound infections result in sepsis, limb loss, long hospital stays, higher costs, and are responsible for significant human mortality and morbidity worldwide. The present study was conducted to isolate and identify the causative organisms of wound infection, to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates and to study the risk factors for wound infection. The study was conducted for six months in which pus specimens collected from 244 patients were processed to investigate etiological agents using standard technique. Disc susceptibility of bacterial agents were then determined. A total of 244 pus samples were collected and 147 (60.20%) samples showed growth. A total of 150 bacterial isolates were isolated; of which 118 (78.67%) were Gram positive and 32 (21.33%) were Gram negative bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus (72.00%) was most common followed by Escherichia coli (6.67%), Citrobacter freundii (5.34%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (4.00%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.33%), Proteus mirabilis (2.00%), Enterococcus faecalis (1.33%), Acinetobacter spp. (1.33%), Klebsiella oxytoca (1.33%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (1.33%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (0.67%) and Streptococcus pyogenes (0.67%). The most effective antibiotic for Gram positive isolates was Gentamicin (77.97%). For Gram negative isolates (except Ps. aeruginosa), Amikacin (74.07%), for Ps. aeruginosa, Amikacin, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin and Ofloxacin each with the susceptibility of 80.00% and for Staph. aureus, Cloxacillin (79.63%) were the most effective antibiotics. Hence, the most common isolate in wound infection was Staph. aureus followed by E. coli. Therefore, routine microbiological analysis of the wound specimens and their antibiotic susceptibility testing is recommended that will guide clinician for treatment of wound infection.

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“…R.K 3 and Aizza Zafar, Naeem Anwar 1 . The predominant organism identified in 105 isolates was Staphylococcus aureus even though the percentage of gramnegative isolates were high, which coincides with the previous studies and stating that though there was dominance of gramnegative isolates observed in this study, Staphylococcus aureus remained a predominant isolate 8,9,5,7,1,10,3,6 . This study contrasts with the study done by P.R.Fa-Si-Oen, et al 11 where Escherichia coli dominance was reported.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Bacteriology of Wounds Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Giddi¹,

Dasari²,

Sisisra³

2016

jemds

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Wound infections are one of the leading causes of patient's morbidity, which ends in financial loss to both patient and hospital. Delayed treatment drug resistance due to indiscriminate use of antibiotics is implicated as the cause of chronicity of wounds. Empirical treatment without culturing the causative agent somehow lessens the delay of treatment, but actually is leading to the rise of resistant strains in the community. It is obligatory to know the prevalence of causative agents to implicate the early treatments without wait for the culture reports. MATERIAL AND METHODSThis study was done to identify the prevalent organisms of wounds and its susceptibility to antimicrobials. 100 pus samples from different wounds of 100 patients, both inpatients and outpatients attending Viswabharathi Medical College at Kurnool were collected. All the pus samples were processed by gram staining of the direct smear, inoculating on to nutrient agar, blood agar, and MacConkey agar and incubated overnight at 37 0 c. Culture morphology and gram staining was done from the positive growth. Confirmation was done by biochemical reactions and necessary special tests. Results: 100 wound samples yielded 105 isolates. Among the total 105 isolates, the gram negative isolates were dominating and accounted for 53.33% and gram positive accounted for 46.66% only. In the overall study, Staphylococcus remained as predominant isolate and is 100% sensitive to vancomycin, Linezolid. CONCLUSIONThe accurate identification of culture isolates may be a useful tool to provide appropriate antibiotic and help in reducing the drug-resistant strains in wound infections. This study provides better guidance for the clinicians to cure wounds without delay and much waste of antibiotics that ultimately prevents the resistant strains and saves the economy of both patient as well as hospital.

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Bacteriology of Wound - Clinical Utility of Gram Stain Microscopy and the Correlation with Culture

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Isolation and in vitro evaluation of bacteriophages against MDR-bacterial isolates from septic wound infections

Isolation and in vitro evaluation of bacteriophages against MDR-bacterial isolates from septic wound infections

Bacteriological Study of Wound Infection and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of the Isolates

Bacteriology of Wounds Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital

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