Bacteriological profile and antimicrobial resistance patterns of bloodstream infections in a tertiary care hospital, Eastern India

Dash, Muktikesh; Panda, Rakesh; Mohapatra, Dharitri; Paty, Bimoch Projna; Sarangi, Gitanjali; Chayani, Nirupama

doi:10.4103/2278-344x.194083

Cited by 5 publications

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“…Klebsiella species (19%) which is in accordance to Vatkar et al13 and Dash et al12 CoNS being the most common contaminant, 2 sets of blood culture from different sites were taken or clinically correlated positive samples were considered clinically significant. Klebsiella was the most common Gram negative bacilli isolated which was in accordance to Parihar et al4 and Dash et al 12 while in discordance to Vasudev et al 11 and Gupta et al 7 where E. coli was the most common organism isolated.…”

supporting

confidence: 65%

Bacteriological Profile, Antibiogram and Phenotypic Resistance Flagging of Blood Culture Isolates by Automated Methods in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Rout¹,

Rautaraya²

2020

IJCMR

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Introduction: Microorganism present in blood whether continuously or intermittently are threat to every organ in the body. The surveillance of etiological agents in these infections is essential for their prevention and treatment. Awareness of the baseline microbial resistance specific to a hospital prevents irrational use of antibiotics in that hospital. Thus helps progress a step forward in the prevention of spread of antibiotic resistance. Material and methods: A retrospective study was conducted in the department of Microbiology. During the study period, blood samples collected from all age group OPD, IPD and ICU patients suspected of bacteremia and septicemia were analyzed. All Gram-negative bacilli, Gram-positive cocci and Yeast were investigated while anaerobic bacteria and cultures with mixed growth were excluded. Results: During the study period of Jan 2017-Dec2017, 1885 blood cultures were analyzed. 305 (16.1%) were found to be positive, out of which 236 were from ICU, 58 were from IPD and 11 from OPD. Among Gram positive cocci, CoNS is commonest followed by Staphylococcus aureus whereas in Gram negative bacilli, Klebsiella pneumoniae was commonest organism followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In our study, 90% of Enterobacteraceae were ESBL producers. MRSA were isolated in 50% and MRCoNS in 71%. Gram-positive isolate were least sensitive to penicillin (10%) while it was most sensitive to tigecycline in 100% followed by vancomycin in 95%. Gram negative isolates of Enterobacteriaceae were least sensitive to Aztreonam (11%) and while it was most sensitive to Colistin in 87% of cases. Candida species were isolated in 54 (18%) of which NICU accounted for majority of cases. Candida albicans was least sensitive to Fluconazole (82%) and Non albicans candida to Amphotericin B (70%) while they were sensitive to all other antifungals. Conclusion: The retrospective study conducted showed both gram positive and gram negative bacteria were responsible for blood stream infections. Most of the strains were multi drug resistant. Rapid isolation and identification of pathogens by automated blood culture system and antibiogram with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value provides early and appropriate treatment to the seriously ill patients leading to reduce mortality and reduce duration of hospitals. Resistance flagging of the bacterial isolates guides us to perform barrier nursing and isolate the patient to prevent spread of infection. The daily analysis of resistance flagging and MIC values give important information for choosing selective antibiotics leading to good antibiotic stewardship which in turn reduces patient morbidity and mortality. How to cite this article: Manish Kumar Rout, BibhuduttaRautaraya. Bacteriological profile, antibiogram and phenotypic resistance flagging of blood culture isolates by automated methods in a tertiary care hospital.

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supporting

confidence: 65%

Bacteriological Profile, Antibiogram and Phenotypic Resistance Flagging of Blood Culture Isolates by Automated Methods in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Rout¹,

Rautaraya²

2020

IJCMR

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“…Similar results were observed by Katyal et al, 7 Banik et al, 13 and Orsini et al 1 However, many national and international studies have reported a higher incidence of GNB than GPC as the causative organism of bloodstream infections. 8,9,14 Among the Gram-positive pathogens, coagulase-negative Staphylococcus was the most commonly observed isolate, followed by Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus sp. This finding supports those in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This finding supports those in the literature. 5,7,9 CONS has been considered the most common blood contaminant; however, the clinical significance of CONS was defined as at least two blood cultures positive for CONS within 5 days or one positive blood culture plus clinical evidence of infection, which comprise an abnormal leukocyte count and body temperature. 18 Improper techniques of blood collection and the presence of longstanding intravascular devices are recognized possible causes of BSIs by CONS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Early Gram-negative organisms were predominantly known to cause bloodstream infections. [8][9] By contrast, presently, Gram-positive organisms are predominant, 7 especially among neonates and children. 10 Moreover, excessive and irrational use of antibiotics has further complicated the scenario due to the increase in multidrugresistant strains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For species identification and antimicrobial susceptibility profiling, an automated system is available, i.e., the Vitek 2 system, which facilitates rapid, accurate identification, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) evaluation, for these pathogens. 9 This study aimed to analyze the pattern of microorganisms causing BSIs and examine their antimicrobial susceptibility profile for one year to guide clinicians in formulating antimicrobial policies for empirical therapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bacteriological Profile and their Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern in Bloodstream Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India

Kaur¹,

Sharma²

2022

J. Pure Appl. Microbiol.

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Blood is a sterile, liquid connective tissue. When infected with microbes, grave consequences can occur, such as shock, multiple organ failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and death. The World Health Organization reported 49 million cases of sepsis and 11 million sepsis-related deaths in 2017, accounting for approximately 20% of deaths annually worldwide. Rapid identification of the causative organism and timely, appropriate treatment are required to reduce mortality due to bloodstream infections. This study was conducted to analyze the patterns of various bacteria causing bloodstream infections and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. All blood samples received for diagnosing bloodstream infections at the Microbiology Department of Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, were included in the study, the duration of which was 1 year, from January to December 2020. Blood samples of 5–10 ml from adult and 5 ml from pediatric patients, were collected under aseptic conditions, stored in BACTEC bottles, and processed in an automated BACTEC system before antimicrobial therapy. After 7 days of incubation, if no microbial growth was observed, the sample was reported as sterile for aerobic organisms. When growth was observed, broth from positive blood culture bottles was subcultured on blood and MacConkey agar for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing using Vitek 2 according to CLSI (Clinical Lab Standard Institute) guidelines and the manufacturer’s instructions. A total of 441 (14.5%) bacteria were isolated from 3007 blood samples from patients with suspected bacteremia. Contamination was observed at a rate of 2.5%. Gram-positive cocci (49%) were the predominant organisms recovered, followed by Gram-negative bacilli (34%). Gram-positive cocci were coagulase-negative Staphylococci (46%), Staphylococcus aureus (7%), and Enterococcus spp. (6%). Among the Gram-negative bacilli, E.coli (14%), Klebsiella spp. (13%), Acinetobacter baumannii (7%), Pseudomonas spp. (7%), Salmonella typhi (2%), Enterobacter spp. (1%), and Serratia spp. (1%) and single isolates of Aeromonas spp., Morganella morgani, Pantoea spp., Proteus mirabilis, and Providentia rettgeri were identified. Linezolid, teicoplanin, and vancomycin were the most effective drugs for treating Gram-positive bacteremia. Tigecycline, carbapenems, and aminoglycosides were the most effective treatments for Gram-negative bacteremia. The results stress the need for continued screening and surveillance in routine blood culture techniques to start empiric therapy for bloodstream infections.

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Bacterial Profile of Blood Culture and Their Anti-Microbial Susceptibility Pattern in Pediatric Patients of a Tertiary Care Hospital

Saini

Sharma

et al. 2022

PIJR

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Introduction: Blood stream infection are very common in the pediatric age group and these are one of the common causes of morbidity and mortality in children.In developing countries ,the rate of blood stream infection in children is about 20-50%.The present study was undertaken to determine the etiological agents causing blood stream infection and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in pediatric patients. Patients with bacteremia may have either a transient bacteremia or persistent bacteremia which can be self-limited without development of focal infection or sequelae or may progress to a more serious fatal infection or toxic effects. Methodology: The present study in a hospital based single centred, Observational study, of 3 years. Blood sample were collected in BacTec bottle and standard microbiological protocol were applied for the isolation identification of bacteria strains.Antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed by the Kirby Bauer Disc Diffusion Method as per CLSI 2019 guidelines. Results: Out of total 350 blood samples received for culture,87(23.14%)were culture positive, out of which 42/87(48.27%) were Gram positive organisms and 39/87(44.82%) were Gram-negative organisms and 6 /87(6.89%) were candida spp. The most common organism was Staphylococcus aureus(31.03%) the predominant organism followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae(21.83%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (9.19%),Escherichia coli,Enterobacter cloacae each (5.74%). All Gram positive bacteria were susceptibile to vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid. 11/27(40.74% )of Staphylococcus aureus were Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. All Gram negative bacteria were susceptibility to amikacin, Colistin,Tigecycline. Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of childhood septicemia in this locale, has been decline in susceptibility of the pathogens to common antibiotics which ultimately stresses on the need for continuous screening and surveillance for antibiotic resistance in the pediatric ward and calls for increased efforts to ensure more rational use of these drugs.

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Bacteriological profile and antimicrobial resistance patterns of bloodstream infections in a tertiary care hospital, Eastern India

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Bacteriological Profile, Antibiogram and Phenotypic Resistance Flagging of Blood Culture Isolates by Automated Methods in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Bacteriological Profile, Antibiogram and Phenotypic Resistance Flagging of Blood Culture Isolates by Automated Methods in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Bacteriological Profile and their Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern in Bloodstream Infections in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India

Bacterial Profile of Blood Culture and Their Anti-Microbial Susceptibility Pattern in Pediatric Patients of a Tertiary Care Hospital

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