Bacterial vaginosis as a risk factor of preterm premature rupture of membrane (PPROM)

Wiraguna, Aanak Agung Gde Putra; Rusyati, Luh Made Mas; Vijayamurthy, I Dewa Ayu Vanessa

doi:10.15562/bdv.v1i2.13

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Another study could not assess the association since only two women had PROM and were both BV negative (70). As also seen in other populations, such as Northern American women, the association between BV and PROM seems relatively strong (98,100). PROM and PTB are probably attributable to both inflammation and bacterial enzymes, such as proteases, which are being produced by certain bacteria (98).…”

Section: The Association Between Bv and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Association Between Vaginal Microbiota Dysbiosis, Bacterial Vaginosis, and Aerobic Vaginitis, and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes of Women Living in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review

Juliana

Suiters

Al‐Nasiry

et al. 2020

Front. Public Health

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Background: Previous studies have described the association between dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiota (VMB) and related dysbiotic conditions, such as bacterial vaginosis (BV) and aerobic vaginitis (AV), and various adverse pregnancy outcomes. There is limited overview of this association from countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), which bear a disproportionally high burden of both vaginal dysbiotic conditions and adverse pregnancy outcomes. This systematic review assesses the evidence on the association between VMB dysbiosis, BV, and AV, and late adverse pregnancy outcomes in women living in SSA.Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Statement (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Three databases [PubMed, Embase (Ovid), and Cochrane] were used to retrieve observational and intervention studies conducted in SSA that associated VMB dysbiosis, BV, or AV and preterm birth/labor/delivery, preterm rupture of membranes (PROM), low birthweight, small for gestational age, intrauterine growth restriction, intrauterine infection, intrauterine (fetal) death, stillbirth, perinatal death, or perinatal mortality.Results: Twelve studies out of 693 search records from five SSA countries were included. One study identified a positive association between VMB dysbiosis and low birthweight. Despite considerable differences in study design and outcome reporting, studies reported an association between BV and preterm birth (7/9), low birthweight (2/6), PROM (2/4), intrauterine infections (1/1), and small for gestational age (1/1). None of the retrieved studies found an association between BV and pregnancy loss (5/5) or intrauterine growth retardation (1/1). At least two studies support the association between BV and PROM, low birthweight, and preterm birth in Nigerian pregnant women. No reports were identified investigating the association between AV and late adverse pregnancy outcomes in SSA.Conclusion: Two of the included studies from SSA support the association between BV and PROM. The remaining studies show discrepancies in supporting an association between BV and preterm birth or low birthweight. None of the studies found an association between BV and pregnancy loss. As for the role of VMB dysbiosis, BV, and AV during pregnancy among SSA women, additional research is needed. These results provide useful evidence for prevention efforts to decrease vaginal dysbiosis and its contribution to adverse pregnancy outcomes in SSA.

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Section: The Association Between Bv and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Association Between Vaginal Microbiota Dysbiosis, Bacterial Vaginosis, and Aerobic Vaginitis, and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes of Women Living in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review

Juliana

Suiters

Al‐Nasiry

et al. 2020

Front. Public Health

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“…On the other hand, other studies stated that BV increased the risk of developing PPROM [25]. The difference in the results of different studies regarding the increased risk of adverse reproductive and pregnancy outcomes including PPROM might be owed to BV-related bacterial species rather than BV itself.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Contribution of vaginal infection to preterm premature rupture of membrane and adverse pregnancy outcome

elshabrawy

Mohammed

Ali

et al. 2021

Microbes and Infectious Diseases

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Background: Preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) is the cause of approximately one third of preterm deliveries. Objectives: assess the relation of vaginal infections and their antimicrobial profile with PPROM and pregnancy outcome. Methodology: Case control study of 320 females with PPROM (case) and 320 females with normal pregnancy (control) at 28-37 weeks of gestation. Vaginal examination, vaginal pH assessment and Whiff test were done. Vaginal swabs were collected and examined microscopically for diagnosis of different vaginal infections. Swabs were cultivated, identification and antimicrobial susceptibility of revealed bacteria were done. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were assessed. Results: Bacterial vaginosis and aerobic vaginitis were identified in 29.1% and 17.3% of all participants respectively. There was statistically significant difference regarding prevalence of different vaginal infections in case and control groups (p<0.001). Aerobic vaginitis and bacterial vaginosis were risk factors for PPROM. Streptococcus agalactiae was the most prevalent organism. Erythromycin and ampicillin were the least effective antibiotics against Gram positive and Gram-negative isolates respectively. There was significant increase of all maternal and fetal adverse outcomes in cases with aerobic vaginitis. Conclusion: Different vaginal infections carry risk of PPROM and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. The variation in prevalence of bacterial isolates in different studies and localities notify the lack of standardized treatment for infected mothers. Accurate diagnosis of vaginal infection, precise medical treatment during pregnancy is essential for maintenance of maternal and neonatal health.

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Bacterial vaginosis as a risk factor of preterm premature rupture of membrane (PPROM)

Cited by 2 publications

References 14 publications

The Association Between Vaginal Microbiota Dysbiosis, Bacterial Vaginosis, and Aerobic Vaginitis, and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes of Women Living in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review

The Association Between Vaginal Microbiota Dysbiosis, Bacterial Vaginosis, and Aerobic Vaginitis, and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes of Women Living in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review

Contribution of vaginal infection to preterm premature rupture of membrane and adverse pregnancy outcome

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