Bacterial Translocation from Intestine: Microbiological, Immunological and Pathophysiological Aspects

Gi, Podoprigora; Li, Kafarskaya; Na, Bainov; An, Shkoporov

doi:10.15690/vramn564

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…Recently, scientific sources often ask about the role of bacterial translocation in the pathogenesis of pyelonephritis [30], [31]. Bacterial translocation is accompanied by the same intensity in all parts of the intestine, but more in the small intestine than in the large intestine.…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacterial translocation is accompanied by the same intensity in all parts of the intestine, but more in the small intestine than in the large intestine. Experimental studies stated that the occurrence of acute pyelonephritis is due to the translocation of bacteria from the small intestine [30], [34] In studies carried out in 70% of patients with acute pyelonephritis, which arose in conditions of primary dysbiosis, the cause of the development of an acute purulent process in the kidneys was the translocation of pathogenic microflora from the intestine to the kidneys [31], [32].…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathogenic Mechanisms of Acute Obstructive Pyelonephritis

Sharapatov

Turgunov

Lavrinenko

2021

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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Among urological diseases, the most relevant is infection of the urinary tract. Pyelonephritis is on the 5th place in kidney diseases, and obstructive pyelonephritis occurs in 84% of all pyelonephritis. In the world, among the adult population, 100 people per 100,000 of the population suffer from pyelonephritis. In addition, from year to year, there is an increase in purulent forms of acute pyelonephritis by 4–5 times. This pathology is a separated manifestation of such an important urological problem as complicated urinary tract infection, which accounts for 84–86% of all infections. In acute obstructive pyelonephritis, more severe complications such as bacteriotoxic shock and urosepsis may develop. The mortality rate from these dangerous complications reaches 70–90%. In addition, the number of patients with urosepsis and bacteriotoxic shock has increased 4–6 times in recent years. The review presents current literature data on acute obstructive pyelonephritis. The main causes and pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease development are presented.

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Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenic Mechanisms of Acute Obstructive Pyelonephritis

Sharapatov

Turgunov

Lavrinenko

2021

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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“…Медиаторы воспаления у пациентов с ХСН, согласно существующим представлениям, могут синтезироваться собственно кардиомиоцитами и межклеточным матриксом при повреждении [14,15]; клетками периферических органов и тканей в ответ на накопление продуктов катаболизма в условиях недостаточности кровоснабжения [15]; макрофагами и другими иммунными клетками для противодействия бактериальным токсинам, проникающим через отечную кишечную стенку [4][5][6][7][8][9]17]. Тесные прямые взаимосвязи концентрации СРБ и ИЛ-6 с синдромом задержки жидкости и стадией ХСН, продемонстрированные в нашей работе, могут характеризовать возможные механизмы активации ХСВ, что согласуется с результатами Г. П. Арутюнова с соавт.…”

Section: результатыunclassified

“…По-видимому, гомеостаз липидных молекул микробного происхождения в крови при ХСН не может определяться исключительно качественным и количественным составом микробиоценоза кишечника. Он зависит также от активной и пассивной проницаемости кишечной стенки для микробных маркеров [17], структурно-функциональные изменения которой, в свою очередь, во многом обусловлены степенью нарушения микроциркуляции, застойного полнокровия, тканевого отека, накопления коллагена [4,7], нарушений пищеварения, пассажа пищи, синтеза секреторных иммуноглобулинов и паретического стаза в лимфатических иммунных образованиях [19,20].…”

Section: результатыunclassified

“…Действительно, в большинстве исследований уровень ЛПС в крови не показывал значительного превышения условной нормы, хотя и коррелировал с тяжестью ХСН [4,7,8]. С позиций концепции о роли микробиоты в развитии ХСВ практически линейное увеличение концентрации ЦК в циркуляции по мере утяжеления состояния больных при отсутствии значимого повышения маркеров большинства признанных условных патогенов в крови следует предположить, что поддержание напряженности ХСВ при ХСН определяется локальной реактивностью иммунной системы кишечника, обусловливающей цитокинемию, предупреждение массивной транслокации микробных компонентов в кровоток [17] [25], селективностью проницаемости барьеров и реактивностью организма.…”

Section: результатыunclassified

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Gut microbiota and systemic inflammation in patients with chronic heart failure

et al. 2020

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Aim To study the interrelationship between intensity of chronic systemic inflammation (CSI) with severity of the condition and intestinal microbiocenosis parameters in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).Material and methods 47 hospitalized patients with symptomatic CHF were evaluated. The following parameters were determined: clinical condition; N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). C-reactive protein (CRP); serum interleukins (IL) 6 and 10; and intestinal microbiocenosis composition by mass-spectrometry of microbial markers in whole blood. Microbiocenosis indexes were compared in the main group and in 38 outpatient patients with arterial hypertension and ischemic heart disease without CHF.Results Direct, medium-power correlations were found between CRP and IL-6 concentrations and severity of clinical condition (NT-proBNP, ХСН stage, and edema severity) in patients with CHF. Most patients with CHF had lower numbers of bifido-, lacto-, propionic-, and eubacteria, and Clostridium (С.) ramosum and higher numbers of aspergillus. Among CHF patients, the highest indexes of endotoxemia, gram (-) bacteria, cocci, actinomycetes, and microfungi were observed in the group with NT-proBNP from 400 to 2000 pg/ml. Direct correlations were observed for amounts of C. hystolyticum, Pseudonocardia spp., and Aspergillus spp. with IL-6 and IL-10 and unidirectional inverse correlation were observed for these cytokines with Propionibacterium acnes and jensenii, Streptomyces spp., and Nocardia asteroides. In addition, IL-6 concentration was negatively correlated with contents of Staphylococcus aureus, C. difficile, C. ramosum, Eggerthella lenta, and Corynebacterium spp. and was positively correlated with C. propionicum, Moraxella spp. and Flavobacterium spp. Concentration of IL-6 directly correlated with the number of Eubacterium spp. and inversely correlated with numbers of Ruminicoccus spp. and Streptomyces farmamarensis. The amount of Streptomyces farmamarensis negatively correlated with CRP concentrations.Conclusion The study results evidence the significance of intestinal microbial-tissue complex in the pathogenesis of CSI in CHF and allow suggesting this complex as a promising target for therapy.

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Appendicular-genital syndrome in children

Korobko¹,

Konoplitskyi²

2022

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The importance of preserving the reproductive potential of the population of Ukraine is due to the increase in the number of women with infertility due to infectious and inflammatory diseases of the abdominal cavity and pelvic organs, which were suffered in childhood and adolescence. Purpose - to determine and systemize of the most significant factors of appendicular-genital syndrome depending on the primary pathological focus; to develop a practically significant classification signs and an algorithm for examination and treatment of girls with combined pathology to improve the results of treatment of this group of patients. Materials and methods. It was carried out an analysis of the medical records of inpatients, girls, for the period from October 2019 to May 2022, who were hospitalized for urgent indications and operated on for acute surgical pathology of the organs of the abdominal cavity and pelvis of an inflammatory nature. The age of the patients ranged from 4 to 17 years old (average age 11.0+0.5 years old). In the process of preliminary analysis, it was found that out of 203 patients who were to be treated surgically for the clinical picture of «acute abdomen», combined appendicular-genital pathology occurred in 13 girls. Results. It was determined that the key feature of appendicular-genital syndrome is the non-specificity of the clinical picture. In the appendicular form of the disease, the symptoms of acute appendicitis predominate in the pathological state, and in the genital form, the symptoms of acute adnexitis dominate. Connective appendicular-genital pathology in the catarrhal form of inflammation of the appendix was determined in 2 (15.39%) cases, in the phlegmonous form in 8 (61.54%) cases, in the gangrenous form in 2 (15.39%) cases, in periappendicular abscess - in 1 (7.68%) case. All patients in the study group underwent surgical treatment, the extent of which in each case was determined by the surgical findings and the prevalence of the pathological process. Most (61.58%) surgical interventions were performed laparoscopically, in compliance with the principles of maximally organ-preserving techniques (appendectomy, organ detorsion, stopping bleeding, excision of cysts, sanitation of the abdominal cavity, and, if necessary, drainage of the pelvic cavity). Only in 2 (15.38%) cases was the removal of the uterine appendages during their torsion, under the conditions of their obvious necrosis and the duration of the disease more than 72 hours. Conclusions. In order to improve the quality and speed of diagnosis of the combined inflammation of the appendix and uterine appendages, as structural elements of the syndrome «acute abdomen», the preoperative examination of patients should be multidisciplinary and necessarily include an examination by a pediatric surgeon, a pediatric gynecologist, and a pediatrician, with ultrasound of the abdominal cavity, pelvis, and retroperitoneal space. Frequency occurrence of appendicular-genital syndrome in girls is on average 6.4% of the total number of patients with the syndrome «acute abdomen». During the surgical remediation of the primary focus of inflammation relative to the appendages of the uterus, the tactics should be as organ-sparing as possible with extensive use of laparoscopic techniques for mandatory visual assessment of the organs of the abdominal cavity and pelvis. Patients who underwent surgical treatment for acute appendicitis in combination with diseases of the uterine appendages should form a separate dispensary group, in which preventive examinations are recommended once every 3 months during the first postoperative year, and thereafter once every 6 months until the moment of patient’s transfer to an adult medical and preventive institution. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.

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Bacterial Translocation from Intestine: Microbiological, Immunological and Pathophysiological Aspects

Cited by 17 publications

References 50 publications

Pathogenic Mechanisms of Acute Obstructive Pyelonephritis

Pathogenic Mechanisms of Acute Obstructive Pyelonephritis

Gut microbiota and systemic inflammation in patients with chronic heart failure

Appendicular-genital syndrome in children

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