Bacterial lysates in the prevention of respiratory tract infections

Abstract

Bacterial lysates stimulate the general immunity of the body in a non-specific way. They act on non-specific defense mechanisms, leading to an increase in type A antibody in mucous membranes, phagocytic activity and INF-ƴ production. They can also stimulate the production of specific antibodies against the bacterial antigens that make up the preparation. The oral immunomodulatory preparations with the best documented clinical efficacy available on the Polish market are Ismigen, Broncho-Vaxom, Ribomunyl and Luivac. They are all lysates of bacterial strains that most often cause respiratory tract infections. In many clinical trials, oral bacterial lysates have been shown to minimize the risk of recurrent respiratory infections in children and adults and reduce the need for antibiotics.

Возможности профилактики инфекционнo-зависимых обострений бронхиальной астмы у детей с применением бактериальных лизатов

“…Проведеними дослідженнями встановлено, що бактеріальні лізати можуть модулювати активність клітин імунної системи, включно з ДК, моноцитами, макрофагами, В-і Тreg-клітинами, бронхіальним епітелієм (рис. 1) [25,26].…”

“…Епідеміологічні дослідження свідчать про підвищений ризик розвитку БА у дітей із риновірус-індукованою інфекцією нижніх дихальних шляхів, а також перенесеним респіраторно-синцитіальним вірусним бронхіолітом на першому році життя [6,25].…”

Bacterial Lysates as Immunotherapies for Respiratory Infections: Methods of Preparation

“…Several methods have been used for years in the preparation of cell lysates (e.g., alkaline treatment or mechanical disruption). Since mechanical disruption is suggested to be the most promising way to lyse the cells, significant technological progress has been made in this field by some companies (Cazzola et al, 2012a;Jurkiewicz and Zielnik-Jurkiewicz, 2018;Esposito et al, 2019). They have developed focused-ultrasonication, an advanced computer-controlled technology that can control the dosage of energy delivered to gently disrupt the cell membranes of mammalian cells or abruptly disrupt the cell walls of bacteria.…”

“…The two most common methods used for bacterial lysis are alkaline treatment and mechanical disruption, although heat or detergents have also been used (Bauer et al, 2008;Braido et al, 2011;Cazzola et al, 2012a). Alkaline lysis may produce protein denaturation of bacterial antigens, whereas mechanical disruption does not supposedly alter the antigenic structures in the BLs (Kearney et al, 2015;Jurkiewicz and Zielnik-Jurkiewicz, 2018;Triantafillou et al, 2019). Each bacterial strain is grown independently, harvested, inactivated by the selected procedure and then optionally lyophilized.…”

Rol de los Usados bacterianos en asma, evidencia y proyección con especial referencia a OM-85

“…Desde la década de los 70 se han desarrollado diferentes productos comerciales dentro de la categoría de lisados bacterianos, destacando en población pediátrica: Om-85, PmbL (Ismigen), ribomunyl y Lw 50020 (Luivac), los que incluyen extractos de microorganismos como Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae y Klebsiella pneumoniae 5,6 (tabla 1). Lisados bacterianos utilizados para la prevención de infecciones respiratorias en niños.…”