Bacterial Isolates from Urinary Tract Infection in Dogs in Grenada, and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility

Abstract

Of 52 culture positive urine samples from dogs in Grenada for six years (2004 through 2009) 65.5% of isolates were Gram-negative bacteria, with E. coli as the predominant species, followed by Proteus mirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Other Gram-negative isolates included Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter anitratus, and Serratia plymuthica. Among the Gram-positive isolates, Staphylococcus intermedius was the most common species, followed by S. aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, and enterococci. Sensitivity results obtained with 6 antibiotics showed least resistance to enrofloxacin, the rate being 19% for all isolates together. More than two-thirds of isolates were resistant to tetracycline. For Gram-positive isolates, resistance to cephalothin was even less than that against enrofloxacin, with a rate of only 13%. Overall resistance to amoxicillinclavulanic acid was 36%. The most common drug used for treatment of urinary tract infections in Grenada has been amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, followed by enrofloxacin.

Update on Urinary Tract Infections in Dogs in a Tropical Island and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Escherichia Coli Isolates for the Period 2010-2016

“…15 Several recent studies on UTI in dogs in temperate countries [6][7][8][9] have shown that E. coli is the predominant cause of UTI as seen in the present study and our previous study for the period of 2004-2009 in Grenada. 10 UTI is more common in female dogs, which is in agreement with the results of the previous study in Grenada. In contrast to the results of a study on bacteria from UTI in dogs in Sweden, 7 drug resistance is high in the dogs in Grenada.…”

“…5 Despite several recent publications on bacterial UTI in dogs from Europe and the United States, [6][7][8][9] there is scanty information from tropical areas. The results of a study on the canine urine samples from cases suspected of UTI in Grenada, a tropical Caribbean island nation during the period of 2004 to 2009 were published recently by Hariharan et al 10 E. coli was the predominant species associated with UTI, followed by Proteus mirabilis and Staphylococcus intermedius/Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. Among six antimicrobials tested against, resistance was least for enrofloxacin, and most for tetracycline.…”

Retrospective Analysis of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Clinical Samples of Dogs in Grenada, West Indies

“…The results of this study report revealed that P. aeruginosa isolates of dogs in Grenada are susceptible to gentamicin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime and imipenem. On comparing this retrospective study report to a similar study done for the period between 2005 through 2009 at St. George's University in Grenada (Hariharan et al, 2009), we found that P. aeruginosa isolates in Grenada have maintained a similar susceptibility pattern to aminoglycoside drugs, gentamicin and amikacin. The AST pattern of P. aeruginosa documented that the susceptibility of the bacterial isolates has been consistent over the last eleven years in Grenada.…”

“…Retrospective Analysis of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from Clinical Samples of Dogs in... be compared with the previous antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) analysis report of P. aeruginosa in Grenada, 2009 (Hariharan et al, 2009) to evaluate the susceptibility of P. aeruginosa against its recommended antimicrobials.…”

Retrospective study of bacterial agents found in urine culture of dogs: antimicrobial sensitivity and resistance profile

“…From the analysis of urine cultures, it was found that females were most affected by urinary tract infections, accounting for 52.63% of positive results, while males represented 47.36% of the samples. As described by Kogika and Waki (2015), and Sorensen et al (2019), the diagnosis of ITU in females is relatively common due to the proximity of the genitourinary region to the anus region, considering that the main source of infection occurs through bacteria of urethral and intestinal According to Hariharan et al (2016), approximately 75% of cases of UTIs in dogs are caused by the presence of a sole pathogen. This statement can also be confirmed in this study, as 48/49 (97.96%) samples involved only one etiological agent, and only 1/49 (2.04%) sample had two agents involved.…”