Bacterial challenge study of a porous carbon percutaneous implant

Krouskop, Thomas A.; Brown, Horace D.; Gray, Krista M.; Shively, John E.; Romovacek, George R.; Spira, Melvin; Runyan, Rebecca

doi:10.1016/0142-9612(88)90003-8

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It is noteworthy that while the authors confirmed S. aureus to be the only organism isolated from infected implants, bacterial loads from implants or tissues were not determined and localization of bacteria along the implant interface was not examined either. Similarly, older studies in rabbits and pigs reported no signs of infection with porous carbon percutaneous devices (Krouskop et al, 1988;Nowicki et al, 1990). Differences in implant materials could account for these differences in results, as well as the use of different bacterial pathogens, which are known to have distinct biofilm formation properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An in vitro Reconstructed Human Skin Equivalent Model to Study the Role of Skin Integration Around Percutaneous Devices Against Bacterial Infection

et al. 2020

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An in vitro Reconstructed Human Skin Equivalent Model to Study the Role of Skin Integration Around Percutaneous Devices Against Bacterial Infection

et al. 2020

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“…3,4 Many biomaterials have been evaluated for skin integration using histological analyses. Previous results on the use of polymers, [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] tantalum, 12,13 titanium, 814-18 ceramics, 19 and other materials have not demonstrated sufficient integration with the skin to prevent bacterial penetration. Of the biomaterials available, titanium has excellent biocompatibility, readily integrates with bony structures, and is frequently used in percutaneous applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of pore size, implantation time, and nano‐surface properties on rat skin ingrowth into percutaneous porous titanium implants

Farrell

Prilutsky

Ritter

et al. 2013

J Biomedical Materials Res

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The main problem of percutaneous osseointegrated implants is poor skin-implant integration, which may cause infection. This study investigated the effects of pore size (Small, 40–100 microns and Large, 100–160 microns), nanotubular surface treatment (Nano), and duration of implantation (3 and 6 weeks) on skin ingrowth into porous titanium. Each implant type was percutaneously inserted in the back of 35 rats randomly assigned to 7 groups. Implant extrusion rate was measured weekly and skin ingrowth into implants was determined histologically after harvesting implants. It was found that all 3 types of implants demonstrated skin tissue ingrowth of over 30% (at week 3) and 50% (at weeks 4–6) of total implant porous area under the skin; longer implantation resulted in greater skin ingrowth (p<0.05). Only one case of infection was observed (infection rate 2.9%). Small and Nano groups showed the same implant extrusion rate which was lower than the Large group rate (0.06±0.01 vs. 0.16 ± 0.02 cm/week; p<0.05). Ingrowth area was comparable in the Small, Large and Nano implants. However, qualitatively, the Nano implants showed greatest cellular inhabitation within first three weeks. We concluded that percutaneous porous titanium implants allow for skin integration with the potential for a safe seal.

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“…The generally accepted long‐term goal of these strategies is to extend the lifetime of tissue‐electrode interfaces to 50 years or longer. It is rare for medical implants to maintain their desired function on this time scale given the caustic in vivo environments and the inevitability of fibrosis, infection risks, and corrosion 221–226. Even passive devices such as total knee and hip replacements are subject to complex microenvironments that contribute to failure due to mechanisms including loosening and infection 226.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomaterials‐Based Electronics: Polymers and Interfaces for Biology and Medicine

Muskovich¹,

Bettinger

2012

Adv Healthcare Materials

164

127

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Advanced polymeric biomaterials continue to serve as a cornerstone of new medical technologies and therapies. The vast majority of these materials, both natural and synthetic, interact with biological matter without direct electronic communication. However, biological systems have evolved to synthesize and employ naturally-derived materials for the generation and modulation of electrical potentials, voltage gradients, and ion flows. Bioelectric phenomena can be interpreted as potent signaling cues for intra- and inter-cellular communication. These cues can serve as a gateway to link synthetic devices with biological systems. This progress report will provide an update on advances in the application of electronically active biomaterials for use in organic electronics and bio-interfaces. Specific focus will be granted to the use of natural and synthetic biological materials as integral components in technologies such as thin film electronics, in vitro cell culture models, and implantable medical devices. Future perspectives and emerging challenges will also be highlighted.

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Bacterial challenge study of a porous carbon percutaneous implant

Cited by 11 publications

References 15 publications

An in vitro Reconstructed Human Skin Equivalent Model to Study the Role of Skin Integration Around Percutaneous Devices Against Bacterial Infection

An in vitro Reconstructed Human Skin Equivalent Model to Study the Role of Skin Integration Around Percutaneous Devices Against Bacterial Infection

Effects of pore size, implantation time, and nano‐surface properties on rat skin ingrowth into percutaneous porous titanium implants

Biomaterials‐Based Electronics: Polymers and Interfaces for Biology and Medicine

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