Bacterial Cellulose Production from agricultural Residues by two Komagataeibacter sp. Strains

Abstract

Agricultural residues are constantly increasing with increased farming processes, and improper disposal is detrimental to the environment. Majority of these waste residues are rich in lignocellulose, which makes them suitable substrate for bacterial fermentation in the production of value-added products. In this study, bacterial cellulose (BC), a purer and better form of cellulose, was produced by two Komagataeibacter sp. isolated from rotten banana and kombucha drink using corncob (CC) and sugarcane bagasse (SCB) enzymatic hydrolyzate, under different fermentation conditions, that is, static, continuous, and intermittent agitation. The physicochemical and mechanical properties of the BC films were then investigated by Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetry analysis, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), and Dynamic mechanical analysis. Agitation gave a higher BC yield, with Komagataeibacter sp. CCUG73629 producing BC from CC with a dry weight of 1.6 g/L and 1.4 g/L under continuous and intermittent agitation, respectively, compared with that of 0.9 g/L in HS medium. While BC yield of dry weight up to 1.2 g/L was obtained from SCB by Komagataeibacter sp. CCUG73630 under continuous agitation compared to that of 0.3 g/L in HS medium. FTIR analysis showed BC bands associated with cellulose I, with high thermal stability. The FE-SEM analysis showed that BC fibers were highly ordered and densely packed. Although the BC produced by both strains showed similar physicochemical and morphological properties, the BC produced by the Komagataeibacter sp. CCUG73630 in CC under intermittent agitation had the best modulus of elasticity, 10.8 GPa and tensile strength, 70.9 MPa.

Exploitation of cantaloupe peels for bacterial cellulose production and functionalization with green synthesized Copper oxide nanoparticles for diverse biological applications

“…During the saccharification process, a high value of total carbohydrate content (9.91 g/L) was observed after 36 h of enzymatic hydrolysis. The initial pre-treatment of CP with milling increases the accessibility of cellulases to plant fibers and hence higher carbohydrate content was available, which is in accordance with Akintunde et al 60 , and Kucharska et al 61 . Cellulase hydrolyzes the 1,4-beta-D-glucosidic linkage in the cellulose structure, liberating beta-glucose, shorter polysaccharides, and oligosaccharides depending on the plant waste structure as stated by Bayitse et al 62 .…”

Bacterial Cellulose-Based Polymer Nanocomposites: A Review

“…There were reported several studies on the feasibility of using different agro-industry wastes in BC production including sisal juice [ 88 ], wastes of sugarcane and pineapple [ 89 , 90 ], mango and guava purees [ 91 ], fruit [ 92 ], rotten fruit culture [ 80 ], fruit juices [ 92 , 93 , 94 ], corn products [ 95 ]; sago byproduct [ 96 ], corncob and sugarcane bagasse [ 58 ], liquid tapioca waste [ 97 ], coffee cherry husk [ 98 ], date syrup [ 99 ], dry olive mill residue [ 100 , 101 ], coconut water [ 102 ], oat hull-derived enzymatic hydrolyzates [ 103 , 104 ], enzymatic hydrolysate of wheat straw [ 105 ], pineapple and water melon peels [ 106 ], citrus peel and pomace [ 107 , 108 , 109 ], and banana peel [ 110 ]. Furthermore, pulp mills and lignocellulosic wastes [ 111 , 112 ]; wastes of biodiesel industry [ 113 ]; acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation wastewater [ 114 ], and micro-algae biomass industries waste [ 115 ] were used as a growth medium for BC production.…”

Advances in the Production of Sustainable Bacterial Nanocellulose from Banana Leaves

“…Microorganisms utilize various compounds present in the biomass, such as monosaccharides and nitrogen compounds, to produce diverse products of industrial interest [ 3 , 10 , 24 , 25 ]. This process encompasses physical processes [ 26 ], as well as chemical and biological treatments to primarily extract sugars from lignocellulosic biomass [ 8 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Certain bacteria can synthesize BNC by secreting it in the outer membrane of their cells [ 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

“…In cases where LRB does not contain RS-rich juices, several procedures, such as physical pre-treatment, chemical hydrolysis, or enzymatic hydrolysis, are necessary. The aim of these methods is to expedite the production of cellulose-derived sugars to serve as carbon sources for BNC production [ 27 ]. It is crucial to recognize that globally, the availability of waste biomass presents substantial potential for use in sustainable and environmentally friendly production opportunities [ 3 ].…”