Bacterial Bioaerosol Concentrations in Public Restroom Environments

Lee, Byung Uk; Hong, In Gi; Lee, Dong Hoon; Chong, E. K. S.; Jung, Jae Hee; Lee, Jai Hyo; Kim, Hyung Joo; Lee, Im Soon

doi:10.4209/aaqr.2011.07.0097

Cited by 44 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Matthias-Maser and Jaenicke (1995) stated that over Amazon rainforest, bioaerosol account for as much as 74 % of the total aerosol number concentration, with fungal spores contributing 30-50 %. Although biological components contribute 20 % load of aerosol, the biological fraction of ambient particulate matter can potentially cause significant health effects (Schneider et al 1997;Miguel et al 1999;Boreson et al 2004;Lee et al 2012;Amato et al 2014). Indo-Gangetic plain is experiencing a very drastic change in seasonal patterns with extreme cold in winter, extreme hot periods in the summer, and small monsoon periods with reduced rain events, increase of the aerosol loading in the last few decades, and increase of different epidemic diseases, e.g., malaria, typhoid, pneumonia, chickengunia, and monkeygunia and respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of bioaerosol pollution over Indo-Gangetic plain

Mamta¹,

Shrivastava²,

Satsangi³

et al. 2014

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Aerosol plays a very important role in climate change and public health. It affects cloud condensation nuclei and causes a number of epidemic diseases. The correlations of aerosol with epidemic diseases are due to the biotic components of aerosol. The present study deals with the measurements and characterization of bioaerosol over Indo-Gangetic plain. The levels of PM10 and PM2.5 are much higher than the recommended value set by NAAQS in India. Bacterial and fungal concentrations are in the reported range. Bacterial concentration is higher than fungal concentration. Gram-positive bacteria contribute 75% while gram-negative bacteria contribute 25% only. A total seven types of fungi are identified in aerosols. Aspergillus niger is dominant. Meteorological parameters play important roles in growth and presence of microorganism in the air. Bacterial concentrations are governed mainly by temperature while fungal concentration is influenced by relative humidity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of bioaerosol pollution over Indo-Gangetic plain

Mamta¹,

Shrivastava²,

Satsangi³

et al. 2014

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…In addition, exposure to carcinogenic mycotoxins, e.g., aflatoxin and ochratoxin, can increase the risk of cancer (Douwes et al, 2003). Under some situations, airborne transmission of infectious agents among people could cause pandemics such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and H1N1 flu (Yu et al, 2004;Thompson et al, 2013 Apart from many other bioaerosol investigations (Lee et al, 2011;Xu et al, 2011;Lee et al, 2012), there has been a boom of interest in its exposures for underground transportation. As an indispensable means of public transportation for urban metropolises, subway system around the globe is carrying the largest commuter traffic daily.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-Dependent Size-Resolved Bacterial and Fungal Aerosols in Beijing Subway

Fan

Deng

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Despite of an important concern, human bioaerosol emission into subway is not well and directly characterized. Here, we used bioaerosol detector and next generation sequencing methods to investigate time-dependent bioaerosol size distributions in Beijing subway system between March and April, 2015. In contrast to weekends, weekday microbial aerosol results exhibited strong time dependence with higher bacterial and fungal aerosol levels up to 2083 CFU m -3 and 483 CFU m -3 observed, respectively, for the peak hours. During the peak hour (17:30-18:30), bioaerosol emissions at 0.8-3 µm was detected, while about three times higher concentration levels were observed compared to those during the offpeak hour (22:00-23:00). Similar bioaerosol size distributions were observed between ventilation outlets and subway platform air. During off-peak hours, subway bioaerosols had similar size distributions with the outside air. Sequence results revealed a vast array of airborne microbial species which varied from one station to another, but with Aspergillus spp. as dominant fungal species, and Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas as primary bacterial genera including human opportunistic ones. Our results provide direct online observations of human contributions to subway size-resolved bioaerosols, and enhancing ventilation system might help for controlling the exposure especially during the peak-hours.

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“…Exposure to bioaerosols such as bacteria and its related toxin in indoor environment (Lee et al, 2012;Singh et al, 2011) may result in sick building syndrome (SBS), such as lower respiratory irritation, allergic rhinitis, couch and asthma. (Eduard et al, 1993;Koskinen et al, 1994;Melbostad et al, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying the Membrane-Less Electrolyzed Water Spraying for Inactivating Bioaerosols

Chuang

Yang

Huang

et al. 2013

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The inactivating efficiency using membrane-less electrolyzed water (MLEW) spraying was evaluated against two airborne strains, Staphylococcus aureus and λ virus aerosols, in an indoor environment-simulated chamber. The air exchanged rate (ACH) of the chamber was controlled at 0.5 and 1.0 h -1 . MLEW with a free available chlorine (FAC) concentrations of 50 and 100 ppm were pumped and sprayed into the chamber to treat microbial pre-contaminated air. Bioaerosols were collected and cultured from air before and after MLEW treatment. ) for Staphylococcus aureus of FAC 50 and 100 ppm spraying. In addition, increasing the air exchange rate also improved the inactivation rate. The inactivation coefficient of FAC 100 ppm spraying for Staphylococcus aureus was 0.412 and 0.403 (min -1 ) under ACH 1.0 and 0.5 h -1 . These results indicated that MLEW spraying is likely to be effective in minimizing microbial airborne contamination, especially for poorly ventilated spaces.

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Bacterial Bioaerosol Concentrations in Public Restroom Environments

Cited by 44 publications

References 13 publications

Assessment of bioaerosol pollution over Indo-Gangetic plain

Assessment of bioaerosol pollution over Indo-Gangetic plain

Time-Dependent Size-Resolved Bacterial and Fungal Aerosols in Beijing Subway

Applying the Membrane-Less Electrolyzed Water Spraying for Inactivating Bioaerosols

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