Bacterial aetiology and outcome in children with severe pneumonia in Uganda

Nantanda, Rebecca; Hildenwall, Helena; Peterson, Stefan; Kaddu-Mulindwa, Deogratias H; Kalyesubula, Israel; Tumwine, James K

doi:10.1179/146532808x375404

Cited by 51 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The common denominator concerning age is that it is within 24 months [6] [7] [8]. The high prevalence of pneumonia in children under 24 months of age is explained by the immaturity of the immune system of the first two years of life.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pneumonia of Children under 5 Years of Age in Brazzaville (Republic of Congo)

Okoko¹,

Hossie²,

N’djobo-Mamadoud³

et al. 2017

OJPed

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Pneumonia is one of the prime causes of morbidity and mortality in children under five years of age. Objectives: To determine the frequency of pneumonia, to identify the causative organisms and the factors associated with death in children under 5 years of age. Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed in children 1 to 59 months hospitalized for pneumonia between January and June 2016 in CHUB pediatric wards. Results: A total of 237 children were hospitalized for pneumonia, i.e. 12.3% of hospitalizations.There were 133 boys (56%) and 104 girls (44%) with a mean age of 15.9 ± 13.8 months. The average time elapsed between onset of symptoms and hospitalization was 7.2 ± 6.1 days. The alveolar syndrome 185 cases (81%), alveolo-interstitial 34 cases (15%), alveolar and pleural 9 cases (4%) were the main radiological translations. Blood cultures were positive in 74 cases (31%) and the bacteria identified were: Streptococcus pneumoniae 42 cases (17.5%), Staphylococcus Aureus 23 cases (9.6%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae 9 cases (3.7%). HIV serology was positive in 19 cases (8%). Fifty-eight (58) children (24%) died. Factors associated with death were respiratory distress, hypoxemia and hypothermia. Conclusion: Pneumonia of children under 5 years of age is frequent and severe prognosis. Their mastery requires the strengthening of the national respiratory disease control program and the knowledge of risk factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The severity profile of pneumonia according to the WHO classification is not unequivocal, as most authors have chosen the study of severe forms [6] [29]. Other authors report higher frequencies of very severe forms of pneumonia [7] [8].…”

Section: ) Clinical Formsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumonia of Children under 5 Years of Age in Brazzaville (Republic of Congo)

Okoko¹,

Hossie²,

N’djobo-Mamadoud³

et al. 2017

OJPed

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“…10 Hasil bakteri dari kultur darah sebanyak 10-30%, 11 pada penelitian ini hasil bakteri dari kultur darah yaitu 34,9%. Hasil paling banyak yaitu coagulase negative Staphylococcus (CoNS), meliputi Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saphrophyticus, dan Staphylococcus spp sebagai bakteri komensal kulit, namun dapat merupakan kuman nokosomial terutama bila terjadi di ruang perawatan intensif.…”

Section: Pembahasanunclassified

“…Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Nantanda dkk. 10 mendapatkan hasil bahwa faktor yang dapat meningkatkan kematian pada pneumonia anak usia <5 tahun yaitu pneumonia yang sangat berat (OR 12,5; 95%IK: 2,5-65,8), serta hipoksemia (OR 4,9; 95%IK 1,2-19,5). Penelitian ini memperlihatkan hasil yang sama, pneumonia sangat berat ditandai head nooding, penurunan kesadaran, serta sianosis merupakan faktor yang dapat meningkatkan kematian pada pneumonia (OR 20‚3; 95%IK 5,197).…”

Section: Pembahasanunclassified

“…8 Malnutrisi terutama malnutrisi yang berat menunjukkan OR 16,5; 95%IK 4,2-65,5; juga mengingkatkan kematian pada pneumonia oleh karena penurunan respons imun terhadap infeksi. 10,13 Pada penelitian ini tidak didapatkan peningkatan risiko kematian karena pneumonia pada anak yang tidak mendapatkan ASI maupun malnutrisi. Hal tersebut kemungkinan disebabkan karena pemberian ASI pada penelitian ini bukan merupakan ASI ekslusif selama 6 bulan dan pada penderita community acquired pneumonia (CAP) yang dirawat jarang dengan malnutrisi berat.…”

Section: Pembahasanunclassified

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Kematian Akibat Pneumonia Berat pada Anak Balita

Wulandari¹,

Sudarwati²,

Suardi³

et al. 2013

mkb

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AbstrakPneumonia merupakan penyebab utama kesakitan dan kematian pada anak, terutama di negara berkembang. Angka kematian karena pneumonia di negara berkembang 10-15 kali lebih tinggi daripada di negara maju. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui angka kematian dan faktor risiko pada anak balita yang dirawat di rumah sakit karena pneumonia. Penelitian potong lintang ini dilakukan pada anak usia 1-59 bulan yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung karena pneumonia periode November 2007─Januari 2009. Tiga ratus delapan belas anak ikut serta dalam penelitian ini. Usia median anak 11‚6 bulan, sebanyak 237 (74‚5%) di antaranya berusia ≤12 bulan. Sembilan puluh tiga (29‚2%) anak didiagnosis pneumonia sangat berat dan 225 (70‚8%) anak pneumonia berat. Dua puluh tiga (7‚2%) penderita meninggal selama perawatan, 20 di antaranya dirawat dengan pneumonia sangat berat (p<0,001; OR 20,274; 95%IK: 5,197 Mortality Due to Severe Pneumonia in Under-Five Years Old Children AbstractPneumonia is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children, mainly in developing countries with a 10-15 times higher mortality rate than developed countries. The aim of the study was to know the mortality rate and its risk factors among under five years old children who were hospitalized due to severe pneumonia. This cross-sectional study was conducted to 1 to 59 months old children with pneumonia at the Department of Pediatric Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung Hospital from November 2007 to January 2009. Three hundred and eighteen children were enrolled in this study. The median age was 11.16 months, and 237 (74.5%) were ≤12 months of age. Very severe pneumonia was diagnosed in 93 (29.2%) and severe pneumonia in 225 (70.8%) children. Twenty three (7.2%) children died during hospitalization, 20 were hospitalized with very severe pneumonia (p<0.001, OR 20.274, 95%CI: 5.855─70.197). Congenital heart disease (p=0.002, OR 5.795, 95%CI: 2.115-15.407) and leucocytosis (≥15,500/mm 3 , p=0.002, OR 3.879, 95%CI: 1.547-9.727) were significantly associated to the mortality. Pathogenic bacteria were identified in 11 of 23 patients. In conclusions, the mortality of severe pneumonia is still high. Very severe pneumonia, congenital heart disease and leucocytosis are factors that increase mortality among under-five years old children with pneumonia. [MKB. 2013;45(1):50-5]

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