Bacterial adherence, colonization, and pathogenicity

Feingold, D. S.

doi:10.1001/archderm.122.2.161

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Bacterial skin ¯ora are commensal, symbiotic, or parasitic relative to the host; although alterations in host immune status are known to have a signi®cant impact, the type of relationship established is often inherent to the bacteria. Persistent colonization is the result of the ability of bacteria to adhere to skin epithelium, grow in a relatively dry and acidic milieu, and rapidly re-adhere during the normal process of desquamation (Feingold, 1986).…”

Section: The Skin As a Milieu For Bacterial Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin Microflora and Bacterial Infections of the Skin

Chiller

Selkin

Murakawa

2001

Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings

427

292

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The skin is a milieu for controlled bacterial growth. Skin supports the growth of commensal bacteria, which protect the host from pathogenic bacteria. Environmental and local factors, host immunity, and organism adherence and virulence are intricately related to cutaneous infection. Resident gram-positive bacteria include Staphylococcus, Micrococcus, and Corynebacterium sp. Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes are notoriously pathogenic in the skin. In order for bacteria to be pathogenic, they must be able to adhere to, grow on, and invade the host. Bacteria possess numerous virulence genes that allow for growth in these privileged niches. Epidermal infections caused by S. aureus and S. pyogenes include impetigo and ecthyma. Dermal infections consist of erysipelas, cellulitis, and necrotizing fasciitis. The pilosebaceous unit is involved in folliculitis, furunculosis, and carbunculosis. Moreover, S. aureus and S. pyogenes produce toxins that may elicit a superantigen response, causing massive release of cytokines. Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, toxic shock syndrome, and scarlet fever are all superantigen-mediated. Gram-negative organisms such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pasteurella multocida, Capnocytophaga canimorsus, Bartonella sp., Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis, and Vibrio vulnificus are not typical resident skin microflora but may cause cutaneous infection.

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Section: The Skin As a Milieu For Bacterial Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin Microflora and Bacterial Infections of the Skin

Chiller

Selkin

Murakawa

2001

Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings

427

292

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“…Future topical treatments for pyoderma may include compounds that competitively block the ability of pathogenic staphylococci to adhere to the skin 51 . 52 The epidermis defends against colonization by adherent pathogenic staphylococci with its intrinsic barrier function and with normal epidermal turnover which promotes the shedding of pathogenic bacteria, and the re‐establishment of the resident flora. S. aureus has been observed to migrate between keratinocytes, as well as to enter the skin through the follicles 51 .…”

Section: Common Current Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Mupirocin, fusidic acid and bacitracin: activity, action and clinical uses of three topical antibiotics

Werner¹,

Russell

1999

Veterinary Dermatology

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Antibiotics applied to the skin must be formulated in a base that is nonirritant and nontoxic. They may have a narrow or fairly wide spectrum of activity but should produce no local reaction or sensitization; the commensal¯ora should not be aected unduly. Three antibiotics that have been used topically in humans and animals are fusidic acid, mupirocin and bacitracin, all of which have a narrow antibacterial spectrum. When applied to intact skin, fusidic acid penetrates more rapidly than other antibiotics. Clinically, the frequency of staphylococcal resistance to it and to mupirocin has remained low. Fusidic acid and mupirocin have been recommended for the treatment of acute staphylococcal skin lesions. However, the use of topical antibiotics for the treatment of chronic or recurring dermatitis and surgical or infected wounds may be inappropriate because of possible development of resistance and sensitization. Topical use of bacitracin may produce treatment failure and sensitization.

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“…Adherence is an established prerequisite for microbial colonization and subsequent invasion 1,2 . Pseudomonas aeruginosa is known to adhere to various epithelial surfaces using lectins as adhesins 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monosaccharide inhibition of adherence by Pseudomonas aeruginosa to canine corneocytes

McEwan

Rème

Gatto

et al. 2008

Veterinary Dermatology

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The effect of D-galactose, D-mannose, L-rhamnose and dextrose on the adhesion to canine corneocytes by three strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was studied in six healthy dogs. Canine corneocytes were collected from the inner aspect of the pinna using adhesive discs (D-Squame). Half millimetre of bacterial suspension in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) with or without the addition of a monosaccharide was placed over the corneocyte layer and incubated in moist chambers. Image analysis was used to quantify bacterial adherence to corneocytes. The three strains of Pseudomonas adhered well to canine corneocytes. All monosaccharides tested inhibited the adherence of Pseudomonas to canine corneocytes. The mean reduction in adhesion for individual sugars at a concentration of 0.1% was 40.2% (dextrose), 30.8% (L-rhamnose), 25.6% (D-galactose) and 19.4% (D-mannose). When D-galactose, D-mannose and L-rhamnose were used in combination at 0.1% concentration, the mean reduction in adherence was 52.9%. The monosaccharides studied may have a potential role in the management of Pseudomonas infections in dogs.

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Bacterial adherence, colonization, and pathogenicity

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Skin Microflora and Bacterial Infections of the Skin

Skin Microflora and Bacterial Infections of the Skin

Mupirocin, fusidic acid and bacitracin: activity, action and clinical uses of three topical antibiotics

Monosaccharide inhibition of adherence by Pseudomonas aeruginosa to canine corneocytes

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