Background luminescence in x-ray luminescence computed tomography (XLCT) imaging

Lun, Michael C.; Li, Changqing

doi:10.1364/ao.58.001084

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…From our previous study regarding the sensitivity of XLCT for

, we estimated that the limits of detection (LOD) is approximately

. 29 With this new setup, we expect to achieve an even lower LOD, which will be verified in future studies. With additional PMTs, we are also capable of performing imaging of different nanoparticles with different emission wavelengths as well, which can be useful for co-registered imaging of multiple targets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Focused x-ray luminescence imaging system for small animals based on a rotary gantry

et al. 2021

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. Significance: The ability to detect and localize specific molecules through tissue is important for elucidating the molecular basis of disease and treatment. Unfortunately, most current molecular imaging tools in tissue either lack high spatial resolution (e.g., diffuse optical fluorescence tomography or positron emission tomography) or lack molecular sensitivity (e.g., micro-computed tomography, ). X-ray luminescence imaging emerged about 10 years ago to address this issue by combining the molecular sensitivity of optical probes with the high spatial resolution of x-ray imaging through tissue. In particular, x-ray luminescence computed tomography (XLCT) has been demonstrated as a powerful technique for the high-resolution imaging of deeply embedded contrast agents in three dimensions (3D) for small-animal imaging. Aim: To facilitate the translation of XLCT for small-animal imaging, we have designed and built a small-animal dedicated focused x-ray luminescence tomography (FXLT) scanner with a scanner, synthesized bright and biocompatible nanophosphors as contrast agents, and have developed a deep-learning-based reconstruction algorithm. Approach: The proposed FXLT imaging system was designed using computer-aided design software and built according to specifications. nanophosphors doped with europium or terbium were synthesized with a silica shell for increased biocompatibility and functionalized with biotin. A deep-learning-based XLCT image reconstruction was also developed based on the residual neural network as a data synthesis method of projection views from few-view data to enhance the reconstructed image quality. Results: We have built the FXLT scanner for small-animal imaging based on a rotational gantry. With all major imaging components mounted, the motor controlling the gantry can be used to rotate the system with a high accuracy. The synthesized nanophosphors displayed distinct x-ray luminescence emission, which enables multi-color imaging, and has successfully been bound to streptavidin-coated substrates. Lastly, numerical simulations using the proposed deep-learning-based reconstruction algorithm has demonstrated a clear enhancement in the reconstructed image quality. Conclusions: The designed FXLT scanner, synthesized nanophosphors, and deep-learning-based reconstruction algorithm show great potential for the high-resolution molecular imaging of small animals.

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“…From our previous study regarding the sensitivity of XLCT for

, we estimated that the limits of detection (LOD) is approximately

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Focused x-ray luminescence imaging system for small animals based on a rotary gantry

et al. 2021

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“…In related studies on XLCT at present, nanophosphors inside an imaging object, irradiated by X-rays, emit visible or near-infrared (NIR) light that can be detected by an optical detector ( 15 ). According to literature research results, Eu 3+ -based [Eu 2 O 3 ( 13 ), Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ ( 16 ), GOS:Eu 3+ ( 17 )] and Tb 3+ -based [Gd 2 O 2 S:Tb 3+ ( 18 )] nanometer materials are often used as X-ray excitable nanophosphors. Yang et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In related studies on XLCT at present, nanophosphors inside an imaging object, irradiated by X-rays, emit visible or nearinfrared (NIR) light that can be detected by an optical detector (15). According to literature research results, Eu 3+ -based [Eu 2 O 3 (13), Y 2 O 3 :Eu 3+ (16), GOS:Eu 3+ (17)] and Tb 3+ -based [Gd 2 O 2 S: Tb 3+ (18)] nanometer materials are often used as X-ray excitable nanophosphors. Yang et al studied that Eu 3+ has several weak emission peaks at 533, 580, 586, 592, 599, 650, and 706 nm, and 610 nm is the highest emission peak under ultraviolet excitation (259 nm), which shows a strong red emission (19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Finite Element Mesh Regrouping Strategy-Based Hybrid Light Transport Model for Enhancing the Efficiency and Accuracy of XLCT

Chu

et al. 2022

Front. Oncol.

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X-ray luminescence computed tomography (XLCT) is an emerging hybrid imaging modality in optical molecular imaging, which has attracted more attention and has been widely studied. In XLCT, the accuracy and operational efficiency of an optical transmission model play a decisive role in the rapid and accurate reconstruction of light sources. For simulation of optical transmission characteristics in XLCT, considering the limitations of the diffusion equation (DE) and the time and memory costs of simplified spherical harmonic approximation equation (SPN), a hybrid light transport model needs to be built. DE and SPN models are first-order and higher-order approximations of RTE, respectively. Due to the discontinuity of the regions using the DE and SPN models and the inconsistencies of the system matrix dimensions constructed by the two models in the solving process, the system matrix construction of a hybrid light transmission model is a problem to be solved. We provided a new finite element mesh regrouping strategy-based hybrid light transport model for XLCT. Firstly, based on the finite element mesh regrouping strategy, two separate meshes can be obtained. Thus, for DE and SPN models, the system matrixes and source weight matrixes can be calculated separately in two respective mesh systems. Meanwhile, some parallel computation strategy can be combined with finite element mesh regrouping strategy to further save the system matrix calculation time. Then, the two system matrixes with different dimensions were coupled though repeated nodes were processed according to the hybrid boundary conditions, the two meshes were combined into a regrouping mesh, and the hybrid optical transmission model was established. In addition, the proposed method can reduce the computational memory consumption than the previously proposed hybrid light transport model achieving good balance between computational accuracy and efficiency. The forward numerical simulation results showed that the proposed method had better transmission accuracy and achieved a balance between efficiency and accuracy. The reverse simulation results showed that the proposed method had superior location accuracy, morphological recovery capability, and image contrast capability in source reconstruction. In-vivo experiments verified the practicability and effectiveness of the proposed method.

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OPK_SNCA: Optimized prior knowledge via sparse non-convex approach for cone-beam X-ray luminescence computed tomography imaging

Zhang

Hai

Kou

et al. 2022

Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine

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Background luminescence in x-ray luminescence computed tomography (XLCT) imaging

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

Focused x-ray luminescence imaging system for small animals based on a rotary gantry

Focused x-ray luminescence imaging system for small animals based on a rotary gantry

A Finite Element Mesh Regrouping Strategy-Based Hybrid Light Transport Model for Enhancing the Efficiency and Accuracy of XLCT

OPK_SNCA: Optimized prior knowledge via sparse non-convex approach for cone-beam X-ray luminescence computed tomography imaging

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