Back-to-School Upper Respiratory Infection in Preschool and Primary School-Age Children in Israel

Markovich, Michal Perry; Glatman‐Freedman, Aharona; Bromberg, Michal; Augarten, Arie; Sefty, Hanna; Kaufman, Zalman; Sherbany, Hilda; Regev, Liora; Chodick, Gabriel; Mendelson, Ella; Shohat, Tamy; Mandelboim, Michal

doi:10.1097/inf.0000000000000627

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…A study 15 conducted in Shanghai, China, found that the positive rate of HRV among influenza‐like illness patients was 6.46%, mainly reported in children under 10 years old, and the HRV‐A was the main subtype. Perry Markovich et al 16 reported that the upper respiratory infection (URI) was observed increased in preschool and primary school‐age children while they back to school in new school year in Israel. The study showed that the URI cases were more likely to be detected positive for HRV and other viruses than that of the health controls, and the health controls also could be detected positive for HRV, suggests that there are carriers of HRV in healthy adolescents, so the control measures such as lockdown of the city and closure of the public places have lowered the risk of the respiratory infectious diseases, but when the schools reopened, the students gathered together and increased the risk of HRV transmission, which raises the importance of epidemiological surveillance of other respiratory viruses during a pandemic.…”

Section: Characteristics School a School B School C School D School Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Rhinovirus remains prevalent in school teenagers during fight against COVID‐19 pandemic

Sun

et al. 2020

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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Section: Characteristics School a School B School C School D School Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Rhinovirus remains prevalent in school teenagers during fight against COVID‐19 pandemic

Sun

et al. 2020

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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“…In a congregate setting like schools and colleges, introduction of viral infections by some infected students or teachers is highly likely, and thereafter spread to a large crowd. Other studies also reported a surge in respiratory infections following the returning of students to the schools after holidays 42 , 43 . In Israel, the infection reaches its highest rate following two weeks of opening the school 43 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Identifying socio-ecological drivers of common cold in Bhutan: a national surveillance data analysis

Tsheten

Penjor

Tshering

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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The common cold is a leading cause of morbidity and contributes significantly to the health costs in Bhutan. The study utilized multivariate Zero-inflated Poisson regression in a Bayesian framework to identify climatic variability and spatial and temporal patterns of the common cold in Bhutan. There were 2,480,509 notifications of common cold between 2010 and 2018. Children aged < 15 years were twice (95% credible interval [CrI] 2.2, 2.5) as likely to get common cold than adults, and males were 12.4% (95 CrI 5.5%, 18.7%) less likely to get common cold than females. A 10 mm increase in rainfall lagged one month, and each 1 °C increase of maximum temperature was associated with a 5.1% (95% CrI 4.2%, 6.1%) and 2.6% (95% CrI 2.3%, 2.8%) increase in the risk of cold respectively. An increase in elevation of 100 m and 1% increase in relative humidity lagged three months were associated with a decrease in risk of common cold by 0.1% (95% CrI 0.1%, 0.2%) and 0.3% (95% CrI 0.2%, 0.3%) respectively. Seasonality and spatial heterogeneity can partly be explained by the association of common cold to climatic variables. There was statistically significant residual clustering after accounting for covariates. The finding highlights the influence of climatic variables on common cold and suggests that prioritizing control strategies for acute respiratory infection program to subdistricts and times of the year when climatic variables are associated with common cold may be an effective strategy.

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“…However, since these did not consistently parallel the rises in national SARS-CoV2 case rates, other pathogens may have been involved. In this regard, previous studies demonstrated that school openings were associated with increase in respiratory infection and school closures were associated with their decline [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of SARS-CoV-2 on respiratory syndromic and sentinel surveillance in Israel, 2020: a new perspective on established systems

et al. 2022

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic presented new challenges for the existing respiratory surveillance systems, and adaptations were implemented. Systematic assessment of the syndromic and sentinel surveillance platforms during the pandemic is essential for understanding the value of each platform in the context of an emerging pathogen with rapid global spread. Aim We aimed to evaluate systematically the performance of various respiratory syndromic surveillance platforms and the sentinel surveillance system in Israel from 1 January to 31 December 2020. Methods We compared the 2020 syndromic surveillance trends to those of the previous 3 years, using Poisson regression adjusted for overdispersion. To assess the performance of the sentinel clinic system as compared with the national SARS-CoV-2 repository, a cubic spline with 7 knots and 95% confidence intervals were applied to the sentinel network's weekly percentage of positive SARS-CoV-2 cases. Results Syndromic surveillance trends changed substantially during 2020, with a statistically significant reduction in the rates of visits to physicians and emergency departments to below previous years' levels. Morbidity patterns of the syndromic surveillance platforms were inconsistent with the progress of the pandemic, while the sentinel surveillance platform was found to reflect the national circulation of SARS-CoV-2 in the population. Conclusion Our findings reveal the robustness of the sentinel clinics platform for the surveillance of the main respiratory viruses during the pandemic and possibly beyond. The robustness of the sentinel clinics platform during 2020 supports its use in locations with insufficient resources for widespread testing of respiratory viruses.

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Back-to-School Upper Respiratory Infection in Preschool and Primary School-Age Children in Israel

Abstract: Back-to-school illness consisting of URI has a distinct epidemiological pattern demonstrating a rapid rise peaking within 2 weeks of school opening and is associated predominantly with rhinovirus.

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Rhinovirus remains prevalent in school teenagers during fight against COVID‐19 pandemic

Rhinovirus remains prevalent in school teenagers during fight against COVID‐19 pandemic

Identifying socio-ecological drivers of common cold in Bhutan: a national surveillance data analysis

The impact of SARS-CoV-2 on respiratory syndromic and sentinel surveillance in Israel, 2020: a new perspective on established systems

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