Back-shoring or re-shoring: determinants of manufacturing offshoring from emerging to least developing countries (LDCs)

Setbacks, interruptions and turnarounds in the internationalization process: a bibliometric and literature review of de-internationalization

“…Fjellstrom et al (2019); Fratocchi et al ( 2015 ); Gharleghi et al (2020); Grappi et al ( 2015 2018 , 2020); Gylling et al ( 2015 ); Fratocchi et al ( 2016 ); Joubioux andVanpoucke (2016); Kinkel (2018); Młody ( 2016 ); Mohiuddin et al ( 2019 ); Moradlou et al ( 2017 ); Moretto et al (2020); Nujen and Halse ( 2017 ).…”

Back-shoring vs near-shoring: a comparative exploratory study in the footwear industry

“…More specifically, in order to analyse the back-shoring phenomenon we checked the title, abstract and keywords for the following terms: i) “reshor*”; ii) “re-shor*”; iii) “backshore*”; iv) “back-shor*”; v) “back-reshor*”; iv) “back-sourc*”. We found a total number of 261 journal articles; after all the co-authors had carefully read the full text of these articles, they found one paper (Mohiuddin et al 2019 ) that refers to the further off-shoring phenomenon instead of the back-shoring one; therefore it was eliminated. Moreover the following excluding criteria were adopted: journal articles focusing on back-shoring of firms operating in industries different from manufacturing ones (e.g., ICT companies); documents published in sources without peer review systems; journal articles in which the searched terms are used to indicate a different concept from the one of interest (for instance, some of the keywords belonging to the reshoring concept are used with different meanings in the maritime and building engineering research fields); documents referring to functions other than operations (e.g., human resources and research and development (R&D)).…”

Belarus-China: Avoiding the “Debt Trap”

“…Secondly, there is a discussion that Western companies that came to China in the 1990s and 2000s might go back to developed countries [23]. This is due to the development of robotics there, when the price of robots declines over time as their performance improves (in accordance with Moore's law).…”