Bacillus subtilis M6 improves intestinal barrier, antioxidant capacity and gut microbial composition in AA broiler

Abstract

Bacillus subtilis can secret a variety of substances to improve human and animal gut health via inhibiting the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria. In this study, a fast-growing and stress-resistant strain of Bacillus subtilis M6 (B. subtilis M6) were isolated, which showed a strong antibacterial activity to E. coli K88, S. typhimurium ATCC14028, and S. aureus ATCC25923 in vitro. In vivo studies showed that B. subtilis M6 can significantly improve the average daily gain (ADG) using an AA broiler model. Dietary B. subtilis M6 improved the intestinal morphology. The villus height of jejunum and ileum were significantly increased. The concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the ileal mucosa was significantly reduced in B. subtilis M6 treatment group, which suggested the oxidative stress of the ileum was significantly relieved. Though the β diversity of treatments was not significantly, B. subtilis M6 improved the composition of intestinal microbes, especially at the level of caecum genus, the dominant genus was changed from Ruminococcus to Akkermansia, which indicated the change of intestinal carbohydrate nutrition. In conclusion, these data indicate that the B. subtilis M6 shows a probiotic potential to improve intestinal health via altering gut microbiota.

Evaluation of the Immunity Responses in Mice to Recombinant Bacillus subtilis Displaying Newcastle Disease Virus HN Protein Truncations

“…The morphology of the small intestine directly mirrors the health of the gut, as well as its digestive and absorptive capabilities, which are critical for sustaining the intestinal immune system [ 68 , 69 , 70 ]. Longer villi correlate with epithelial cell proliferation and can stimulate cell mitosis, whereas shorter villi and deeper crypts are associated with nutrient malabsorption and diminished gastrointestinal function [ 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 ]. Our research has determined that dietary supplementation with B. subtilis RH results in an increase in the height of ileal villi and a decrease in crypt depth, thereby enhancing intestinal tissue structure in mice.…”

Supplemental enzymes and probiotics on the gut health of broilers fed with a newly harvested corn diet

“…The gut microbiome is an essential “organ” that affects the digestion and absorption of nutrients in the host`s diet, regulates host immunity, stimulates intestinal epithelial renewal and differentiation, and maintains host health ( Zhang et al, 2013 ; Ji et al, 2022 ). The normal gut microbiota has a high degree of species diversity and maintains gut homeostasis.…”

From probiotics to postbiotics: Concepts and applications

“…Yeast also plays a role in the modulation of the gut microbiota. Bacillus subtilis M6 can inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and enhance the population of beneficial bacteria in the gut, contributing to a healthier microbial balance [30]. It is important to note that the specific benefits of yeast in animal nutrition can vary depending on the yeast species, strain, and formulation used as well as the animal species and diet composition.…”