Bacillus subtilis-based direct-fed microbials augment macrophage function in broiler chickens

Lee, Kyung-woo; Li, Guangxing; Lillehoj, Hyun S.; Lee, Sung-Hyen; Jang, Seung I.; Babu, Uma S.; Lillehoj, Erik P.; Neumann, Anthony P.; Siragusa, Gregory R.

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.01.018

Cited by 52 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…We previously reported that dietary supplementation of broiler chickens with B. subtilis-based DFMs increased body weight gains, compared with unsupplemented controls (21). Further, chickens fed a B. subtilis-containing diet had increased intestinal villus height and crypt depth, augmented mitogen-and antigen-induced spleen cell proliferation, greater macrophage phagocytosis of Salmonella bacteria, decreased serum levels of α-1-acid glycoprotein and nitric oxide, altered expression of cytokine genes (interferon-γ, interleukin-1β, CXCL2) in intestinal lymphocytes, and a modified CD4 + /CD8 + ratio of peripheral blood lymphocytes (24)(25)(26)(27)(28). The current study extends these prior results to now demonstrate that dietary supplementation with B. subtilis 1781 or B. subtilis 787 alters the chicken intestinal metabolome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Supplementation With Bacillus subtilis Direct-Fed Microbials Alters Chicken Intestinal Metabolite Levels

Park

Zimmerman²,

Smith³

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Direct-fed microbials (DFMs) are dietary supplements containing live microorganisms which confer a performance and health benefit to the host, but the mechanisms are unclear. Here, a metabolomics approach was used to identify changes in intestinal metabolite levels in chickens fed an unsupplemented diet or a diet supplemented with B. subtilis strain 1781 or strain 747. Body weight gains of chickens fed the B. subtilis-supplemented diets were increased up to 5.6% in the B. subtilis 1781 group and 7.6% in the B. subtilis 747 group compared with chickens fed the unsupplemented diet. Compared with unsupplemented controls, the levels of 83 metabolites were altered (p < 0.05) (25 increased, 58 decreased) in chickens given the B. subtilis 1781-supplemented diet, while 50 were altered (p < 0.05) (12 increased, 38 decreased) with the B. subtilis 747-supplemented diet. Twenty-two metabolites were altered (p < 0.05) (18 increased, 4 decreased) in the B. subtilis 1781 vs. B. subtilis 747 groups. A random forest analysis of the B. subtilis 1781 vs. control groups gave a predictive accuracy of 87.5%, while that of the B. subtilis 747 vs. control groups was 62.5%. A random forest analysis of the B. subtilis 1781 vs. B. subtilis 747 groups gave a predictive accuracy of 75.0%. Changes in the levels of these intestinal biochemicals provided a distinctive biochemical signature unique to each B. subtilis-supplemented group, and were characterized by alterations in the levels of dipeptides (alanylleucine, glutaminylleucine, phenylalanylalanine, valylglutamine), nucleosides (N1-methyladenosine, N6-methyladenosine, guanine, 2-deoxyguanosine), fatty acids (sebacate, valerylglycine, linoleoylcholine), and carbohydrates (fructose). These results provide the foundation for future studies to identify biochemicals that might be used to improve poultry growth performance in the absence of antibiotic growth promoters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Supplementation With Bacillus subtilis Direct-Fed Microbials Alters Chicken Intestinal Metabolite Levels

Park

Zimmerman²,

Smith³

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Se han estudiado las implicaciones que tiene el uso del B. subtilis en el desarrollo de la inmunidad de los pollos de engorda, mostrado los efectos inmunomoduladores de B. subtilis en la inmunidad innata en pollos de engorda, encontrando niveles elevados de óxido nitroso (ON); el cual actúa como un mensajero intercelular que regula el tono vascular, la activación de las plaquetas y las respuestas inmunes como neurotransmisor en el sistema nervioso central (Pozo et al,1998;Lee et al, 2011); es una molécula citotóxica implicada en la eliminación de bacterias, virus y protozoos, así como de células tumorales. Para Lee et.…”

Section: Bacillus Subtilis En El Estímulo De La Inmunidadunclassified

Bacillus subtilis como probiótico en avicultura: aspectos relevantes en investigaciones recientes

et al. 2017

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Bacillus subtilis como probiótico en avicultura: aspectos relevantes en investigaciones recientesBacillus subtilis as a probiotic in poultry farming: relevant aspects in recent research RESUMENEl presente artículo es una recopilación de trabajos donde se observa el uso de los probióticos como alternativa al uso de antibióticos como promotores del crecimiento. Se revisaron las bondades del Basillus subtillis y su uso como probiótico, encontrado en una gran variedad de ambientes. Se ha mostrado que el B. subtilis como probiótico es seguro para usar en la alimentación de las aves sin efectos negativos en el medio ambiente. Otra de la característica relevante del B. subtilis es su acción en la estabilidad de la microbiaota intestinal al disminuir la presencia de E. Coli, Salmonelas y coccidias, favoreciendo el incremento de microorganismos benéficos y la inmunidad mediante el incremento de IgA e IgG. En investigaciones recientes se ha encontrado que el B. subtilis contribuye en la reducción de niveles de amoniaco en excretas, producción de sustancias antioxidantes y el aumento de la digestibilidad como consecuencia del equilibrio de la ecología intestinal de las aves. Además, también se ha encontrado que las xilanasas que producen los B. subtilis tienen un efecto similar a los antibióticos en intestino delgado. Conocer al B. subtilis como probiótico representa mejorar parámetros productivos y condiciones sanitarias de las aves. Palabras clave: antibióticos, inmunidad, productividad, enzimas. ABSTRACTThe present article is a compilation of papers that show the use of probiotics as an alternative to the use of antibiotics as growth promoters. The benefits of Basillus subtilis had been found in a wide variety of environments and their use as a probiotic has been extensively studied. It has been shown that B. subtilis as a probiotic is of safe use in the feeding broiler without negative effects on the environment. Others of the relevant characteristics of B. subtilis are their action on the stability of the intestinal microbial by reducing the presence of E. coli, Salmonella, and Coccidia, favoring the increase of beneficial microorganisms and improving immunity by increasing IgA and IgG. Recent research has shown that B. subtilis contributes to the reduction of levels of ammonia in excreta, the production of antioxidant substances and the increase of digestibility because of the equilibrium of the intestinal ecology of birds, it has also been found that xylanases producing B. subtilis have a similar effect to antibiotics in the small intestine. Knowing the B, subtilis as probiotic represents to improve productive parameters and sanitary conditions of the birds.

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“…Reduced mucous thickness, immature composition and excessive physical erosion and dietary factors expose enterocytes to pathogens leading to the activation of pro-inflammatory effector genes (Neish, 2002). Lee et al, (2011) showed that feeding probiotic (Bacillus subtilis) to broiler chicks increases pro-inflammatory responses such as enhanced phagocyte activity and increased nitric oxide production of macrophages. The stimulation of an innate immune response in the first 3 weeks of age enhanced the ability to control potential pathogens.…”

Section: Modulating Immunity and Effect On Mucin Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Functional Feed Additives in Modulating Intestinal Health and Integrity

Kocher¹

2012

Korean Journal of Poultry Science

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One of the biggest challenges for the animal feed industry in the coming years will be to meet the growing demand in animal protein in light of increased cost of feed ingredient as well as tougher restrictions on the use of antimicrobial growth promoters imposed by consumers and governments. A key focus area will be to maximise feed efficiency and minimise nutrient waste. It has been widely acknowledged that the composition of the intestinal microflora is closely related to intestinal health and performance of animals. Advanced microbial techniques have shown a close relationship between bacterial communities and their ability to modulate nutrient absorption and processing. In addition it has been recognised that modulating the immune response has significant impact on overall health as well as overall nutrient demand. Molecular techniques are a useful tool to gain an understanding of the impact of dietary interventions including the use of functional feed additives on specific changes in microbial communities or the immune system. Most these techniques however focus on the evaluation of large changes in bacterial compositions and often underestimate or neglect to recognise small changes in microbial diversity or behaviour changes without any measurable immune response. The key to understanding the relationship between specific nutritional intervention and the impact on health and performance lies in a deeper understanding of the impact of these nutrients on the expression of specific genes or specific metabolic pathways. The development of molecular tools as a result of developments in the field of Nutrigenomics has enabled researchers to study the effects of specific nutrients on the whole genome or in other words, the effect of thousands of genes simultaneously, and has opened a completely different avenue for nutritional research.

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Bacillus subtilis-based direct-fed microbials augment macrophage function in broiler chickens

Cited by 52 publications

References 30 publications

Dietary Supplementation With Bacillus subtilis Direct-Fed Microbials Alters Chicken Intestinal Metabolite Levels

Dietary Supplementation With Bacillus subtilis Direct-Fed Microbials Alters Chicken Intestinal Metabolite Levels

Bacillus subtilis como probiótico en avicultura: aspectos relevantes en investigaciones recientes

The Role of Functional Feed Additives in Modulating Intestinal Health and Integrity

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