Bacillus beringensis sp. nov., a psychrotolerant bacterium isolated from the Bering Sea

Abstract

Psychrotolerant Bacillus-like strains BR035(T) and BR011 were isolated from seawater of the Bering Sea and were characterized by means of a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that these strains were related to the members of the genus Bacillus and had the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Bacillus korlensis ZLC-26(T). DNA-DNA hybridization experiments confirmed that strains BR035(T) and BR011 belonged to the same species and were distinct from their closest relatives. The cells were Gram-positive, rods, motile, spore-forming and psychrotolerant. The temperature range for growth was 4-42°C. The main respiratory quinone was MK-7. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, an unknown aminolipid and two unknown phospholipids. The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15:0, anteiso-C15:0, iso-C14:0 and C16:1ω7c alcohol. The diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid. The genomic DNA G + C content was 37.6-37.8 mol%. On the basis of the phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis and DNA-DNA relatedness data, a novel species Bacillus beringensis is proposed and the type strain is BR035(T) (=CGMCC 1.9126(T)=DSM 22571(T)).

Large Blooms of Bacillales ( Firmicutes ) Underlie the Response to Wetting of Cyanobacterial Biocrusts at Various Stages of Maturity

“…For Bacillaceae (OTU 4) and Planococcaceae (OTU 5), a single OTU from each family dominated these families (53% and 74%, respectively) through wetting. The representative sequence for OTU 4 from the Bacillaceae family was identical to three separate Bacillus species previously isolated: B. koreensis ( 28 ), B. korlensis ( 29 ), and B. beringensis ( 30 ) ( Fig. S8b ).…”

“…Several common traits of the closest relatives of these taxa are apparent. Within Firmicutes , all of the previously identified isolates are soil-dwelling aerobic sporeformers ( 29 , 30 , 50 , 51 ). In the case of proteobacterial taxa, they were root or soil associated, and in the case of Telluria species, they carried an ability to degrade a range of complex carbohydrates, with a preference for carbohydrates and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) intermediates ( 31 , 33 ).…”

Bacillus coreaensis sp. nov.: a xylan-hydrolyzing bacterium isolated from the soil of Jeju Island, Republic of Korea

“…The DNA G+C content of strain MS5 T was 43.0 mol%, which also differed significantly from B. beringensis BR035 T (37.8 mol%: Yu et al, 2011) andB. korlensis ZLC-26 T (38.2 mol%: Zhang et al, 2009).…”

“…The MS5 T strain was susceptible to ampicillin, thiostrepton, and chloramphenicol but resistant to kanamycin, apramycin, neomycin, paromomycin, and ribostamycin. The strain can be clearly distinguished from the phylogenetically closest relative B. beringensis BR035 T (Yu et al, 2011) in most of biochemical characteristics listed in Table 1. It was also distant from the α/β-galactosidase-and N-acetyl-β-glucosaminase-negative B. korlensis ZLC-26 T (Zhang et al, 2009) by its inability to produce acid from L-arabinose, D-galactose, inositiol, and potassium gluconate, and thus further genotypic analyses would be useful to determine the relatedness between these strains and the newly described species.…”

Role of fatty acids in Bacillus environmental adaptation

“…Studies investigating several psychrotrophic strains from B. globisporus, B. psychrophilus, B. insolitus ( Kaneda et al, 1983 ), and B. pasteurii ( Yoon et al, 2001 ) confirmed that the predominant FA was anteiso-C15:0. Even if some of these species now belong to another genus, the Sporosarcina genus, the criterion of anteiso-C15:0 as one of the major FA was used as one of the references to describe new psychrotolerant species of Bacillus [i.e., B. beringensis , which displayed anteiso-C15:0 and iso-C15:0 as major FAs ( Yu et al, 2011 )].…”