B-Type Natriuretic Peptide After Open-Water and Hyperbaric Chamber Exposure to 10 msw

Grassi, Paolo; Stenner, Elisabetta; Rinaldi, Adriano; Delbello, Giorgio; Piccinini, Clara; Bussani, Andrea; Biancardi, Bruno; Biasioli, Bruno; Berlot, Giorgio

doi:10.3357/asem.2544.2009

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Our previous study on the effect of a single session of recreational SCUBA (rSCUBA) diving on the CV system (Žarak et al, 2020) showed moderate but reversible changes in biomarkers of cardiac (N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and high-sensitivity troponin I (hs-TnI)) and muscle damage (myoglobin (Mb) and galectin-3 (Gal-3)), and vascular endothelial activation (vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelin-1 (ET-1)). Other studies found similar results for NT-proBNP after both single rSCUBA diving sessions (Gempp et al, 2005;Grassi et al, 2009;Passino et al, 2011) and technical (dives deeper than 40 m with an obligatory decompression stop (CMAS, 2012)) diving sessions (Ljubkovic et al, 2010;Marinovic et al, 2010). Further, Sureda et al (2012) found similar results; a decrease in ET-1 and an increase in VEGF in a group of divers who performed a single technical SCUBA diving session.…”

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confidence: 62%

Adaptive response triggered by the repeated SCUBA diving is reflected in cardiovascular, muscular, and immune biomarkers

et al. 2021

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Positive effects of regular, moderate-intensity exercise on physical fitness and overall health of humans are well known. Active life and practicing sports have been confirmed to improve cardiovascular (CV) health (Golbidi & Laher, 2012; Joyner & Green, 2009; Lavie et al., 2015), and reduce morbidity and mortality in the general population (Kruk, 2007). One of the proposed mechanisms by which exercise contributes to health benefits is a reduction of basal inflammation (Beavers et al., 2010; Hamer et al., 2012; Pedersen, 2017). However, many extreme sports, including SCUBA (self-contained underwater breathing apparatus) diving, that have an increasing number of new

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confidence: 62%

Adaptive response triggered by the repeated SCUBA diving is reflected in cardiovascular, muscular, and immune biomarkers

et al. 2021

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“…It is important to mention that a significant increase in BNP or proBNP after exposure to HBO (68) and simulated diving (69), and also even after studying the effects of immersion (70) and exposure to cold (71) was not observed. Considering these data and the fact that numerous studies have shown an increase of BNP levels after exercise (72–76), it is evident that physical activity plays an important role in BNP increase after diving.…”

Section: Cardiovascular Response To Scuba Divingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recreational scuba diving: negative or positive effects of oxidative and cardiovascular stress?

2014

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Environmental conditions and increased physical activity during scuba diving are followed by increased production of free radicals and disturbed redox balance. Redox balance disorder is associated with damage of cellular components, changes of cellular signaling pathways and alterations of gene expression. Oxidative stress leads to increased expression of sirtuins (SIRTs), molecules which play an important role in the antioxidant defense, due to their sensitivity to the changes in the redox status and their ability to regulate redox homeostasis. These facts make SIRTs interesting to be considered as molecules affected by scuba diving and in that sense, as potential biomarkers of oxidative status or possible drug targets in reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. In addition, SIRTs effects through currently known targets make them intriguing molecules which can act positively on health in general and whose expression can be induced by scuba diving.A demanding physical activity, as well as other circumstances present in scuba diving, has the greatest load on the cardiovascular function (CV). The mechanisms of CV response during scuba diving are still unclear, but diving-induced oxidative stress and the increase in SIRTs expression could be an important factor in CV adaptation. This review summarizes current knowledge on scuba diving-induced oxidative and CV stress and describes the important roles of SIRTs in the (patho)physiological processes caused by the redox balance disorder.

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“…Grassi et al. () showed that a water dive that was considered safe resulted in increased plasma BNP levels and that the same dive simulated in a dry hyperbaric chamber did not affect BNP levels. While underwater, divers are exposed to immersion resulting in significant hemodynamic changes (Pendergast and Lundgren ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a recent study has shown that even presumably safe dives with few VGE and no DCI symptoms were associated with significant cardiac strain and increased levels of BNP (Marinovic et al 2010). Grassi et al (2009) showed that a water dive that was considered safe resulted in increased plasma BNP levels and that the same dive simulated in a dry hyperbaric chamber did not affect BNP levels. While underwater, divers are exposed to immersion resulting in significant hemodynamic changes (Pendergast and Lundgren 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning on cardiac stress markers after simulated diving

et al. 2013

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Hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning (HBO-PC) can protect the heart from injury during subsequent ischemia. The presence of high loads of venous gas emboli (VGE) induced by a rapid ambient pressure reduction on ascent from diving may cause ischemia and acute heart failure. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of diving-induced VGE formation on cardiac stress marker levels and the cardioprotective effect of HBO-PC. To induce high loads of VGE, 63 female Sprague–Dawley rats were subjected to a rapid ambient pressure reduction from a simulated saturation dive (50 min at 709 kPa) in a pressure chamber. VGE loads were measured for 60 min in anesthetized animals by the use of ultrasonography. The animals were divided into five groups. Three groups were exposed to either diving or to HBO-PC (100% oxygen, 38 min at 303 kPa) with a 45 or 180 min interval between HBO-PC and diving. Two additional groups were used as baseline controls for the measurements; one group was exposed to equal handling except for HBO-PC and diving, and the other group was completely unexposed. Diving caused high loads of VGE, as well as elevated levels of the cardiac stress markers, cardiac troponin T (cTnT), natriuretic peptide precursor B (Nppb), and αB-crystallin, in blood and cardiac tissue. There were strong positive correlations between VGE loads and stress marker levels after diving, and HBO-PC appeared to have a cardioprotective effect, as indicated by the lower levels of stress marker expression after diving-induced VGE formation.

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B-Type Natriuretic Peptide After Open-Water and Hyperbaric Chamber Exposure to 10 msw

Abstract: These preliminary findings show that scuba diving and dry hyperbaric exposure, although at the same environmental pressure, cause different effects on ventricular loads in healthy subjects.

Cited by 4 publications

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Adaptive response triggered by the repeated SCUBA diving is reflected in cardiovascular, muscular, and immune biomarkers

Adaptive response triggered by the repeated SCUBA diving is reflected in cardiovascular, muscular, and immune biomarkers

Recreational scuba diving: negative or positive effects of oxidative and cardiovascular stress?

Effects of hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning on cardiac stress markers after simulated diving

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