<b>Thyroid autoimmune disorders in patients with chronic hepatitis C before and during interferon‐α therapy</b>

Marazuela, Mónica; Garcı́a-Buey, Luisa; González‐Fernández, Bárbara; García‐Monzón, Carmelo; Arranz, Alicia; Borque, M.J.; Moreno–Otero, Ricardo

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.1996.751768.x

Cited by 203 publications

(140 citation statements)

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“…In fact, thyroid disorders have also been observed in a significant proportion of CHC patients before IFN-α treatment [30]. Recently, it has been shown that HCV could directly infect the human thyroid cell line (ML1) in vitro.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Disturbance in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Shen

Wang

Xie

et al. 2016

JGLD

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Background & Aims: The involvement of thyroid autoimmunity and dysfunction in patients with chronichepatitis C virus (HCV) infection before interferon-α (IFN-α) therapy remains controversial. We performedthis meta-analysis to evaluate the association of HCV infection with the presence of anti-thyroid antibodiesand dysthyroidism. Methods: A literature search was carried out to collect articles dated up to August 2015 to identify observationalstudies which compared the prevalence of anti-thyroid antibodies and thyroid dysfunction in IFN-α naïvechronic HCV-infected subjects with non-HCV infected controls. Random-effect or fixed-effect meta-analyseswere applied and results reported as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Twelve studies were included, involving 1,735 HCV-infected and 1,868 non-HCV infected subjects.Pooled anti-thyroid antibody prevalence tended to be higher in HCV-infected subjects. The prevalence ofanti-thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb), anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), anti-thyroid microsomalantibody (ATMA) were 2.40-fold, 1.96-fold and 1.86-fold higher in HCV-infected subjects than in controls,respectively. The prevalence of hypothyroidism also differed by HCV infection status, with a pooled risk of3.10 (95%CI: 2.19-4.40) in HCV-infected subjects. However, the results did not show a significant differencein the prevalence of hyperthyroidism between the two groups.Conclusion: Chronic HCV infection may be an independent risk factor for thyroid disturbance. It is advisablefor the clinicians to monitor both thyroid antibodies and function in the course of chronic HCV infection,independent of IFN-α treatment. Abbreviations: AITD: autoimmune thyroid disease; ATMA: anti-thyroid microsomal antibody; CHC:chronic hepatitis; GD: Graves’ disease; HCV: hepatitis C virus; HT: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis; IFN-α: interferonalpha;NOS: Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale; T3: triiodothyronine; T4: thyroxine; TGAb: antithyroglobulinantibody; TPOAb: anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Disturbance in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Shen

Wang

Xie

et al. 2016

JGLD

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“…25 This conclusion is supported by studies showing a higher incidence of de novo development of TAb's in women than in men receiving IFN␣. 34,35,37 Marazuela et al found that development of anti-thyroid antibodies was significantly higher in women compared to men, 14.8% vs. 1% (P Ͻ .01), and was also directly related to increasing age (P Ͻ .01). 37 Also, supporting the notion of IFN␣ triggering thyroid autoimmunity in genetically predisposed individuals are studies showing the majority of individuals who develop "de novo" TAb's on IFN␣ therapy remain TAb positive after the end of treatment (Table 1).…”

Section: Autoimmune Interferon Induced Thyroiditismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…34,35,37 Marazuela et al found that development of anti-thyroid antibodies was significantly higher in women compared to men, 14.8% vs. 1% (P Ͻ .01), and was also directly related to increasing age (P Ͻ .01). 37 Also, supporting the notion of IFN␣ triggering thyroid autoimmunity in genetically predisposed individuals are studies showing the majority of individuals who develop "de novo" TAb's on IFN␣ therapy remain TAb positive after the end of treatment (Table 1). In one long-term study in which patients were followed for a median of 6.2 years (5.5-8.4 years) after completion of IFN␣ therapy, it was reported that 72.2% (26/36) of patients who became TAb positive during IFN␣ therapy had TAb's at the end of the study.…”

Section: Autoimmune Interferon Induced Thyroiditismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, occasionally the symptoms may be more severe necessitating cessation of the interferon treatment. 35,37 Indeed, recently a case of Hashimoto's encephalopathy in a patient receiving IFN␣ and ribavirin was reported. 39 Graves' Disease.…”

Section: Autoimmune Interferon Induced Thyroiditismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…56,57 Moreover, in most studies examining the frequency of thyroid disorders in interferon treated patients with hepatitis C, approximately 10% of the patients had positive TAb's prior to initiation of interferon therapy (Table 2). 13,34,36,37,58 Some of the problems of earlier studies included the use of less sensitive TAb assays and the lack of control for factors, which may affect the development of thyroid autoimmunity, mainly iodine intake. One recent well-controlled study demonstrated both hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmunity were more common in patients with hepatitis C compared to controls.…”

Section: The Hepatitis C Connectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The clinical and physiological spectrum of interferon-alpha induced thyroiditis: Toward a new classification

et al. 2006

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Interferon-alpha (IFN␣) is a major treatment modality for several malignant and nonmalignant diseases, especially hepatitis C. Prospective studies have shown that up to 15% of patients with hepatitis C receiving IFN␣ develop clinical thyroid disease, and up to 40% were reported to develop thyroid antibodies. Some of these complications may result in discontinuation of interferon therapy. Thus, interferon induced thyroiditis (IIT) is a major clinical problem for patients receiving interferon therapy. IIT can be classified as autoimmune type and non-autoimmune type. I nterferons were discovered in the 1950Јs and were immediately recognized for their ability to render cells resistant to virus infection. 1 Interferons have been classified into two major groups, type I interferons and type II interferons, based on their capacity to bind to common receptor types. Type I interferons bind to a type I interferon receptor and include interferon-␣, interferon-␤, interferon-, and interferon-. 2 Type II interferons bind to a distinct type II receptor and include interferon-␥. 2 In addition to their antiviral properties, interferons have immunomodulatory, antiangiogenic, antiproliferative and antitumor activity, and act as important regulators of growth and differentiation. 3 Interferons work by directly binding to either type I or type II receptors. The cytoplasmic domains of the transmembrane glycoproteins are associated with members of the JAK family of kinases. They activate various signaling pathways, including the JAK-STAT pathway, the Crk-pathway, the IRS signaling pathway, and the MAP kinase pathway, which leads to signal transduction and subsequent activation or repression of specific genes. 3,4 More than twenty interferon-induced proteins have been identified. 5 Interferon-alpha (IFN␣) was the first cytokine to be reproduced by recombinant DNA technology and has emerged as a major therapeutic modality for several malignant and nonmalignant diseases. Among the diseases treated by IFN␣ are melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, hairy cell leukemia, Kaposi's sarcoma, and hepatitis B and C. 5 However, the most common prescription for IFN␣

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Incidence of Thyroid Dysfunction During Interferon Alfa-2b and Ribavirin Therapy in Men With Chronic Hepatitis C

Bini¹,

Mehandru²

2004

Arch Intern Med

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Thyroid autoimmune disorders in patients with chronic hepatitis C before and during interferon‐α therapy

Cited by 203 publications

References 24 publications

Thyroid Disturbance in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Thyroid Disturbance in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

The clinical and physiological spectrum of interferon-alpha induced thyroiditis: Toward a new classification

Incidence of Thyroid Dysfunction During Interferon Alfa-2b and Ribavirin Therapy in Men With Chronic Hepatitis C

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