<b>Short Communication</b>: Characterization of the V3 Region of HIV Type 1 Isolates from Morocco

Abid, Mohammed; Luo, Chi‐Cheng; Sekkat, Souad; Latore, Nick De; Mansour, Halima; Holloman-Candal, Debra; Rayfield, Mark; Benslimane, A.

doi:10.1089/aid.1998.14.1387

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Although little information is available on the source of HIV-1 infection of studied individuals, our results are consistent with previous studies reporting that in the nineties, subtype B was largely predominant in Morocco [48,49]. This high subtype B prevalence can be explained by the fact that tourism constitutes the main source of HIV-1 infections in Morocco [48].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The prevalence of resistance-associated mutations to protease and reverse transcriptase inhibitors in treatment-naïve (HIV1)-infected individuals in Casablanca, Morocco

Bakhouch

Oulad-Lahcen²,

Bensghir³

et al. 2009

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Background: The widespread use of antiretroviral agents and the growing occurrence of HIV-1 strains resistant to these drugs have given rise to serious concerns regarding the transmission of resistant viruses to newly infected persons, which may reduce the efficacy of a first-line antiretroviral therapy. Methodology: RNA was extracted from plasma samples of 98 treatment-naïve individuals with a plasma HIV RNA viral load of at least 1,000 copies/ml. Both protease (pr) and reverse transcriptase (rt) were amplified and sequenced using an automated sequencer. National Agency for AIDS Research (ANRS) and Stanford HIV database algorithms were used for interpretation of resistance data. Results: In the protease segment, various minor mutations were present in the majority of the sequenced samples with high frequencies. Only two major mutations, M46L and V82L, were separately found in three individuals of 71 (4.2%) with one carrying both mutations. In the reverse transcriptase gene, no NNRTIs-associated resistance mutations were detected. Only one patient of 70 (1.4%) carried the F77L mutation that is associated with NRTIs resistance. Genetic subtyping revealed that 74.6% of samples were infected with subtype B, 15.5% with CRF02_AG, 4.2% with CRF01_AE, 1.4% with C, 2.8% with G and 1.4% with subtype F2. Conclusions: The low prevalence of major mutations associated with resistance to antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) among drug-naïve individuals studied suggests that the routine of drug resistance testing may be unnecessary for all Moroccan individuals newly diagnosed or all patients beginning antiretroviral therapy. Nevertheless, continuous surveillance is required since greater access to antiretroviral drugs is expected in Morocco.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The prevalence of resistance-associated mutations to protease and reverse transcriptase inhibitors in treatment-naïve (HIV1)-infected individuals in Casablanca, Morocco

Bakhouch

Oulad-Lahcen²,

Bensghir³

et al. 2009

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…The patient with subtype C came from Cameroon, and this is the predominant subtype in both the south and east of Africa, and worldwide. Seven patients with subtype B came from North Africa (Morocco), where this subtype predominates [Abid et al, 1998]. Three other patients with subtype B came from sub-Saharan Africa, where this subtype is rare, although cases have been reported throughout the African continent [Holguín et al, 1999].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Introduction of HIV type 1 non‐B subtypes into Eastern Andalusia through immigration

Alvarez¹,

García²,

Martínez³

et al. 2003

Journal of Medical Virology

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A study of the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes in the native and immigrant populations of Eastern Andalusia (Southern Spain) was conducted to determine any changes between 1983 and 2001 and to identify antiretroviral resistance mutations in non-B subtype strains among the immigrant population. The study included 111 native patients from Eastern Andalusia: 94 infected with HIV before 1996 and 17 infected since 1996. A parallel study was conducted on 26 HIV-positive immigrants from Africa. Subtyping was done with the heteroduplex mobility assay. Resistance mutations were determined by line probe assay. A total of 137 patients were studied: 9.2% had subtype A (n = 12), 80.8% subtype B (n = 105), and 1.5% subtype C (n = 2). Among the Eastern Andalusia population infected before 1996, 10.9% had non-B subtypes, compared with 23.5% of those infected after that year. The greatest percentage of non-B subtypes (52.4%) was found among the immigrant population. Resistance mutation K70R was detected in one of the six immigrants with non-B subtype and M41L in another. There has been a slight increase in the diversity of HIV-1 subtypes in Eastern Andalusia over the past few years, possibly influenced by non-B subtypes introduced by immigrants from sub-Saharan Africa.

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“…6,8 These findings suggest that differences in CCR5D 32 frequency between populations may influence the pattern of HIV transmission. 14 The low prevalence of HIV in Morocco 15,16 contrasts with that noted in western Europe and West Africa, two regions located in the north and west of Morocco, respectively. This divergence could not be explained by particular circulating HIV subtypes, inasmuch as the predominant subtype in Morocco is B, 15,16 the same as in Europe.…”

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confidence: 96%

Letter to the Editor - Frequency of the CCR5Delta 32 Allele in the Moroccan Population

Elharti¹,

Elaouad²,

Simons³

et al. 2000

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses

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Short Communication: Characterization of the V3 Region of HIV Type 1 Isolates from Morocco

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

The prevalence of resistance-associated mutations to protease and reverse transcriptase inhibitors in treatment-naïve (HIV1)-infected individuals in Casablanca, Morocco

The prevalence of resistance-associated mutations to protease and reverse transcriptase inhibitors in treatment-naïve (HIV1)-infected individuals in Casablanca, Morocco

Introduction of HIV type 1 non‐B subtypes into Eastern Andalusia through immigration

Letter to the Editor - Frequency of the CCR5Delta 32 Allele in the Moroccan Population

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