<b>Effect of Cl on microstructure and mechanical properties of <i>in situ</i> Ti/TiB MMCs produced by a blended elemental powder metallurgy method</b>

Fan, Zenghua; Niu, Haijun; Cantor, B.; Miodownik, A. P.; Saito, Tadashi

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2818.1997.d01-622.x

Cited by 15 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…The HDH powder could not be separated into that derived from wrought material and sponge, as most sources did not specify the production method. The lowest chlorine content reported for sponge-derived HDH powders is 0.02 wt % [34,35] and 0.023 wt % [36], and chlorine levels below this are assumed to be derived from wrought material, and are therefore not economically feasible. Chlorine l levels as low as 0.02 wt % are also indicated for powders with a PSD (particle size distribution) less than 45 µm.…”

Section: Titanium Hydride (Tih 2 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Challenges to the Commercial Viability of Direct Powder Rolled Titanium: A Systematic Review and Market Analysis

Steytler

Knutsen

2020

Materials

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A systematic review of factors affecting the viability of direct powder rolling (DPR) as a process route for producing low-cost titanium metal strips was conducted by consolidating performance and process data from published research. Included is a market analysis that was performed by sourcing price points from powder and wrought product suppliers. As a result of the typical oxygen levels (>0.2 wt %) in low-cost powders, the performance of the DPR product is estimated at best to be comparable to ASTM grade 3 and 4 wrought products. Furthermore, evidence supporting chlorine levels >0.02 wt % in low-cost (non-melt) commercially available powders suggest poor weldability, which restricts the application of DPR titanium strips. A comparison of price points for powder and wrought products showed that the potential for commercial viability is likely to exist only for thin gauge strips of <1 mm thickness, as the cost advantage diminishes as the strip thickness increases. Based on the DPR product profile identified in this study (thin gauge, non-weldable, grade 3 or 4), the potential product applications are severely limited. The inability to reliably meet the properties of grade 2 metal strips excludes many uses of titanium metal strips. Consequently, it is emphasized that efforts need to be directed at improving the quality of low-cost powders and developing rolling practices to produce thicker gauge metal strips with desirable properties.

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Section: Titanium Hydride (Tih 2 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Challenges to the Commercial Viability of Direct Powder Rolled Titanium: A Systematic Review and Market Analysis

Steytler

Knutsen

2020

Materials

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“…The choice of modification technique used is selected based on the desired properties and area of application. Techniques such as powder blending, diffusion bonding, vapour deposition, liquid state processing, stir casting, spray deposition, friction stir processing, and squeeze casting have been investigated and recommended [22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Heat Treatment on the Corrosion Behaviour of Aluminium Silver Nano Particle/Calcium Carbonate Composite

et al. 2021

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Corrosion is one of the leading sources of material failure and deterioration in society. Scholars have proposed different techniques to mitigate corrosion. This research study explores and validates one of these techniques. An Aluminium metal matrix (AMC) was produced using the stir casting method with various weight percentages of AgNp and CaCO3 reinforcements. Heat treatment was performed on the samples to enhance the metallurgical and corrosion properties of the materials. The corrosion rate of the AMC samples was tested in different corrosive media (neutral and acidic) with different concentrations using the weight loss analysis technique for several days. It was observed that the corrosion rate of the AMC relies on the nature of the electrolyte and the percentage concentration of this electrolyte. The heat treatment improves the corrosion resistance of the AMC samples. In addition, an increase in the % weight composition of the reinforcement (AgNp + CaCO3) results in a reduction in the corrosion rate of the AMC in both corrosive media. The optimal %weight composition was found to be 4% for the hybrid reinforcement of AgNp + CaCO3 and 6% for the CaCO3 reinforcement in both the untreated and heat-treated samples.

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“…[4,14,15] Even at levels as low as 50 ppm, chloride impurities in PM products cause porosity, [16][17][18] microinclusions, [16,19,20] grain boundary embrittlement, [13,16,20] and poor weldability. [4,12,17] The effects of chlorides on sintering are most significant in the presence of liquid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mitigation techniques such as degassing of powders prior to sintering have very limited efficacy. [16,22,24] High-purity powders can be used to avoid these problems, [4,11,17,25] but since they are often derived from conventional ingot metallurgy, any potential savings associated with PM are lost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sintering of Titanium with Yttrium Oxide Additions for the Scavenging of Chlorine Impurities

Löw

Qian

Schaffer

2012

Metall Mater Trans A

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Chloride impurities in titanium powders are extremely difficult to remove and present a longstanding problem in titanium powder metallurgy. We show that the detrimental effects of chlorides on the sintering of titanium can be mitigated with trace additions of yttrium oxide, which has a high affinity for the normally volatile species and forms highly stable oxychloride reaction products. Compacts that would otherwise exhibit gross swelling and excessive porosity due to chloride impurities can be now sintered to near full density by liquid phase sintering. The potency of yttrium oxide additions is observable at levels as low as 500 ppm. The scavenging of chlorine by Y 2 O 3 appears to be independent of alloy composition and sintering regime. It is effective when used with high-chloride powders such as Kroll sponge fines but ineffective when used with powders containing NaCl impurities or during solid-state sintering. The identification of highly potent chlorine scavengers may enable the future development of chloride-tolerant powder metallurgy (PM) alloys aimed at utilizing low-cost, high-chloride powder feedstocks.

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**Effect of Cl on microstructure and mechanical properties of in situ Ti/TiB MMCs produced by a blended elemental powder metallurgy method**

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

Identifying Challenges to the Commercial Viability of Direct Powder Rolled Titanium: A Systematic Review and Market Analysis

Identifying Challenges to the Commercial Viability of Direct Powder Rolled Titanium: A Systematic Review and Market Analysis

Influence of Heat Treatment on the Corrosion Behaviour of Aluminium Silver Nano Particle/Calcium Carbonate Composite

Sintering of Titanium with Yttrium Oxide Additions for the Scavenging of Chlorine Impurities

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