Axis determination in uterine chick blastodiscs under changing spatial positions during the sensitive period for polarity

Eyal-Giladi, Hefzibah; Fabian, Barry

doi:10.1016/0012-1606(80)90470-4

Cited by 38 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…While the exact mechanism that establishes the dorsal and ventral identities of epiblast cells is still unknown, some characteristics of the chick blastoderm along the D-V axis can be reversed by inverting the pH gradient or membrane potential across the epiblast (see review by Stern and Canning, 1988). The posterior side of the blastodisc is usually positioned over components of the yolk with a lower density (Kochav and Eyal-Giladi, 1971;Eyal-Giladi and Fabian, 1980). While the nature of the interaction between the lighter yolk components and blastodermal cells is unknown, this unique positional relationship suggests either direct or indirect influence of gravity on establishment of the A-P axis of the chick embryo (Kochav and Eyal-Giladi, 1971;Wolpert et al, 1998;Callebaut et al, 2001).…”

Section: Embryonic Axes In Chick Blastulae and Gastrulaementioning

confidence: 99%

Induction and patterning of the primitive streak, an organizing center of gastrulation in the amniote

Matsukawa

Poh

Kelly

et al. 2004

Developmental Dynamics

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The primitive streak is the organizing center for amniote gastrulation. It defines the future embryonic midline and serves as a conduit of cell migration for germ layer formation. The migration patterns of endodermal and mesodermal precursors through the streak have been studied in great detail. Additional new breakthroughs recently have revealed the cell biological and molecular mechanisms that govern streak induction and patterning. These findings include (1) identification of the ontogeny and inductive signals of streak precursors, (2) the potential cellular mechanism of streak extension, and (3) the molecular and functional diversification along the anterior-posterior and mediolateral axes within the primitive streak. These findings indicate that amniote embryos initiate gastrulation by using both evolutionarily conserved and divergent mechanisms. The data also provide a foundation for understanding how the midline axis is defined and maintained during gastrulation of the amniotes. Developmental Dynamics 229:422-432, 2004.

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Section: Embryonic Axes In Chick Blastulae and Gastrulaementioning

confidence: 99%

Induction and patterning of the primitive streak, an organizing center of gastrulation in the amniote

Matsukawa

Poh

Kelly

et al. 2004

Developmental Dynamics

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“…Biopsy is facilitated by the fact that at oviposition some 10 000 undifferentiated cells are present in the germinal disc (Eyal-Giladi and Fabian, 1980). Furthermore, after oviposition the embryo itself is relatively indifferent to manipulation once the egg temperature falls below 27°C and cell The hatchability of intact incubated controls was 86·6% of fertilised eggs (n 5 15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The genetic sex of the embryo is determined inside the unfertilised egg by emission of 1 of the sex chromosomes in the rst polar body at the time when the rst meiotic division is completed in the female. At lay the embryo contains about 60 000 still undifferentiated cells (Eyal-Giladi and Fabian, 1980) arranged in the blastoderm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of chicken embryonic development after removal of blastodermal cells for sexing

Klein¹,

Ellendorff²

1998

British Poultry Science

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1. The present study evaluated developmental characteristics in the chick embryo throughout incubation following cell removal from the freshly laid egg. 2. Between 10 and a few hundred cells of the blastoderm were removed for sex diagnosis. Incubation of the treated embryos was then continued in an open egg shell culture system. 3. Cell recovery from different regions within the blastoderm was performed. 4. The experiments presented here demonstrate the persistence of the developmental potential of chicken embryos in an in ovo culture system after removal of different numbers of cells from the germinal disc prior to incubation. 5. No deviations in developmental characteristics were recorded when compared to untreated control cultures. 6. No detrimental effects of double cell biopsies could be observed. 7. A similar number of chicks developed to hatch regardless of the location of manipulation within the blastoderm.

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“…This period correlates with the time when the chick blastoderm thins to a single layer, forming the area pellucida epiblast. Another set of studies showed that uterine eggs could be incubated in a variety of orientations without rotation, or even hung from a chalaza without shells, and the axis always formed along the gravitational axis with the posterior end uppermost (Kochav and Eyal-Giladi 1971; Eyal-Giladi and Fabian 1980). Thus, it is the response to gravity that is critical, not the stress of movement or effect of rotation per se.…”

Section: Origins Of Axial Polarity In the Egg And Early Embryomentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertebrate Axial Patterning: From Egg to Asymmetry

Houston

2016

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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The emergence of the bilateral embryonic body axis from a symmetrical egg has been a long-standing question in developmental biology. Historical and modern experiments point to an initial symmetry-breaking event leading to localized Wnt and Nodal growth factor signaling and subsequent induction and formation of a self-regulating dorsal "organizer." This organizer forms at the site of notochord cell internalization and expresses primarily Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) growth factor antagonists that establish a spatiotemporal gradient of BMP signaling across the embryo, directing initial cell differentiation and morphogenesis. Although the basics of this model have been known for some time, many of the molecular and cellular details have only recently been elucidated and the extent that these events remain conserved throughout vertebrate evolution remains unclear. This chapter summarizes historical perspectives as well as recent molecular and genetic advances regarding: (1) the mechanisms that regulate symmetry-breaking in the vertebrate egg and early embryo, (2) the pathways that are activated by these events, in particular the Wnt pathway, and the role of these pathways in the formation and function of the organizer, and (3) how these pathways also mediate anteroposterior patterning and axial morphogenesis. Emphasis is placed on comparative aspects of the egg-to-embryo transition across vertebrates and their evolution. The future prospects for work regarding self-organization and gene regulatory networks in the context of early axis formation are also discussed.

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Axis determination in uterine chick blastodiscs under changing spatial positions during the sensitive period for polarity

Cited by 38 publications

References 2 publications

Induction and patterning of the primitive streak, an organizing center of gastrulation in the amniote

Induction and patterning of the primitive streak, an organizing center of gastrulation in the amniote

Analysis of chicken embryonic development after removal of blastodermal cells for sexing

Vertebrate Axial Patterning: From Egg to Asymmetry

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