Axial Transmissive <i>f</i>/1.8 Imaging Raman Spectrograph with Volume-Phase Holographic Filter and Grating

Battey, David E.; Slater, Joseph B.; Wludyka, Ronald; Owen, Harry; Pallister, David M.; Morris, Michael D.

doi:10.1366/0003702934066082

Cited by 85 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…30 In addition, the laser residence time is minimized, which prevents the sample from being burnt by overexposure to the laser. The aperture ratio of f /1.8 provides a 5-20 times greater collection angle than spectrographs operating at f /8.…”

Section: Spatial Resolution and Instrumentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A correlated method for quantifying mixed and dispersed carbon nanotubes: analysis of the Raman band intensities and evidence of wavenumber shift

Athalin¹,

Lefrant²

2005

J Raman Spectroscopy

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We present an experimental investigation of a correlated quantitative analytical method based on advanced Raman spectroscopy. This method was developed for the intensity weight distribution analysis of mixed and dispersed carbon nanotube (CNT) mixtures. For Raman spectroscopy, mixtures of single-walled CNTs (SWNTs) and multi-walled CNTs (MWNTs) were prepared and dispersed on a coverslip. Mixtures were made in the range from 1 to 100 mg (wt%) of SWNTs in 100 to 1 mg (wt%) of MWNTs. The ratios of the relative intensities of the Raman bands corresponding to pure SWNTs and pure MWNTs were used for the construction of calibration curves used for quantitative analysis. The relative intensity of the deconvoluted spectral bands shows a characteristic feature at 1350 and 1592 cm −1 which was found to be proportional to the relative amounts of SWNTs and MWNTs in the mixtures. A correlation between the atomic force microscopy images and the tangential mode Raman intensity ratio was used without the need for other analytical techniques. With this feature, it is possible to quantify the different components in the mixed, dispersed or unknown bulk of the CNTs investigated.

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Section: Spatial Resolution and Instrumentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A correlated method for quantifying mixed and dispersed carbon nanotubes: analysis of the Raman band intensities and evidence of wavenumber shift

Athalin¹,

Lefrant²

2005

J Raman Spectroscopy

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“…They can function as gratings, lenses, beam splitters, spectral filters, shear elements, achromats, mirrors, birefringent elements, and multi-function elements. They can be used, for example, in optical sensors [1][2][3][4][5][6][7], fibre-optics [8][9][10][11], optical scanners [12][13][14], optical disk pick-up heads [15][16] as well as holographic concentrators [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using acrylamide-based photopolymers for fabrication of holographic optical elements in solar energy applications

Akbari¹,

Naydenova²,

Martin³

2014

Appl. Opt.

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A holographic device is under development that aims to improve light collection in solar cells. The aim is to explore the potential of using photopolymer Holographic Optical Elements (HOE) to collect light from a moving source, such as the sun, and re-direct it for concentration by a holographic lens.. A working range of 45 degrees is targeted for such a device to be useful in solar applications without tracking. A photopolymer HOE is capable of efficiently re-directing light, but the angular selectivity of a single grating is usually of the order of one degree at the thicknesses required for high efficiency. The challenge here is to increase the angular and wavelength range of the gratings so that a reasonable number may be multiplexed and/or combined to provide a device that can concentrate light incident from a large range of angles. In this paper low spatial frequency holographic recording is explored in order to increase the angular and wavelength range of an individual grating. Ultimately, a combination of gratings will be used so that a broad range of angles of incidence are accepted. A design is proposed for the combination of such elements into a holographic solar collector. The first step in achieving this is optimization of recording at low spatial frequency. This requires a photopolymer material with unique properties, such as a fast monomer diffusion rate. This paper reports results on the efficiency of holograms recorded in an acrylamide based photopolymer at low spatial frequencies (100, 200 and 300 l/mm). The diffraction efficiency and angular selectivity of recorded holograms have been studied for various photopolymer layer thicknesses and different intensities of the recording beams. A diffraction efficiency of over 80% was achieved at a spatial frequency of 200 l/mm. The optimum intensity of recording at this spatial frequency was found to be 1 mW/cm 2 . Individual gratings and focusing elements with high efficiency and FWHM angles of 3 o are experimentally demonstrated.

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“…A schematic layout of the first commercial system designed specifically with holographic optical elements is shown in Figure 5. 33 Almost all commercial spectrometers are now designed with these holographic optic elements at their core.…”

Section: Raman Microscopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of ConfocalRaman Spectroscopy in Food Science

Pudney

Hancewicz

2001

Handbook of Vibrational Spectroscopy

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This chapter outlines why confocal Raman has developed into a tool that can offer unique insights into food science. It shows how the inherent strengths of Raman spectroscopy of chemical specificity and structural sensitivity can be exploited on the micron length scale. It covers the essentials elements of how a confocal Raman microscope system works. This is followed by a practical description of the way in which a confocal Raman system should be used and also how to avoid some of the common pitfalls, especially with regard to depth resolution. Raman spectra can contain a mass of information and, in order to fully use this, considerable effort needs to put into data analysis. Appropriate methodologies are discussed in some detail with discussion on the strategies one can employ, with enlightening examples to show practically the results that can be obtained.

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Axial Transmissive f/1.8 Imaging Raman Spectrograph with Volume-Phase Holographic Filter and Grating

Cited by 85 publications

References 12 publications

A correlated method for quantifying mixed and dispersed carbon nanotubes: analysis of the Raman band intensities and evidence of wavenumber shift

A correlated method for quantifying mixed and dispersed carbon nanotubes: analysis of the Raman band intensities and evidence of wavenumber shift

Using acrylamide-based photopolymers for fabrication of holographic optical elements in solar energy applications

The Role of ConfocalRaman Spectroscopy in Food Science

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