Axial force measurement of the bolt/nut assemblies based on the bending mode shape frequency of the protruding thread part using ultrasonic modal analysis

Hosoya, Naoki; Niikura, Takanori; Hashimura, Shinji; Kajiwara, Itsuro; Giorgio-Serchi, Francesco

doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2020.107914

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…After analyzing the experimental and analytical models, they attributed the significant increase in the natural frequency and damping ratio of one of the bolts to the contact between the bolt shank and hole walls. Hosoya et al 54 assessed axial force in bolt-nut assemblies by analyzing changes in the bending mode frequencies of the protruding bolt shank. They distinguished bolted joints using an aspect ratio based on the protruding length and the nominal diameter of the bolts.…”

Section: Modal Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on recent advances in structural health monitoring paradigm for looseness detection in bolted assemblies

Chelimilla

Chinthapenta

Kali

et al. 2023

Structural Health Monitoring

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The integrity of bolted joints is still a challenging problem owing to the gross or localized slip at the interfacial surfaces of the joints when subjected to external disturbances such as vibrations. This slip escalates the interfacial movement and, thus, leads to a decrease in preload levels, that is, looseness of the bolted assemblies. In the last decade, modal analysis, wave propagation, and percussion methods were traditionally used to detect looseness in bolted connections. With an increase in computational power, machine learning algorithms such as neural networks, random forests, decision trees, and support vector machines complemented the traditional methods in accurate looseness estimation. Subsequently, this integration paved the path for real-time health monitoring of bolted joints. This paper summarizes recent investigations on looseness detection in bolted assemblies based on traditional methods and machine learning algorithms. The working principle, advantages, challenges, and applications of the aforementioned methods are also detailed in this paper. Apart from these investigations, the latest studies on the Internet of Things-based health monitoring of structures are also reviewed to explore their adaptability in remote monitoring of bolted connections for damage detection in the future.

show abstract

Section: Modal Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on recent advances in structural health monitoring paradigm for looseness detection in bolted assemblies

Chelimilla

Chinthapenta

Kali

et al. 2023

Structural Health Monitoring

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, several approaches for controlling and evaluating the internal axial force have been studied. [20,21] Sah et al [22] presented a technique for evaluating bolt tension based on the transverse natural frequencies of bolts, allowing for quantification of bolt tension and the determination of bolt-tightness level. Ren et al [23] studied a new type of smart bolt with embedded fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors and examined the relationship between FBG embedment location and axial and shear forces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetostrictive Composite Bolt Fastening Characteristics and Internal Axial Force

Mori,

Narita,

Iriya

2023

Adv Eng Mater

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Here, we experimentally and theoretically examined the fastening characteristics and internal axial force of magnetostrictive composite bolts using magnetic flux‐density change. Magnetostrictive composite bolts were fabricated using FeCo wire and epoxy resin by applying magnetic field and preload. The advantage of using a bolt made of magnetostrictive composite materials is that it will have reduced weight and can be applied to prestress. Tightening tests were conducted, with and without external‐bias magnetic fields, to measure bolt strain and magnetic flux‐density change. Then, theoretical and finite element analyses were performed to calculate the strain, axial force, and magnetic flux‐density. Theoretical results were compared with experimental results to determine the relationship between tightening torque, internal axial force, and magnetic flux‐density change. We found that the applied magnetic field and preload conditions during fabrication, as well as the bias magnetic field during the tightening tests, have a significant effect on the magnetic flux‐density change of magnetostrictive composite bolts. The results of this study help propose new possibilities for internet of things and structural health monitoring nodes.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

show abstract

“…The torque method, which controls the axial force using a calibrated wrench, is widely employed. 6 This method utilizes the relationship between the torque and axial force. The torque is obtained by measuring the rotational moment produced when the bolt is fastened using a calibrated wrench.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the ultrasonic time-of-flight for evaluating the axial force acting on bolt/nut assemblies under various mechanical and thermal conditions

Lee

Choi

Kang

2022

Structural Health Monitoring

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The ultrasonic testing method is a prospective technique adopted for measuring the axial force acting on a bolt; the method is a nondestructive testing method employed for structural health monitoring. In ultrasonic testing, the ultrasonic time of flight (ToF) is obtained, and the axial force is computed using the mathematical relationship between the ultrasonic ToF and the axial force acting on the bolt. Therefore, it is essential to accurately compute the axial force from the ToF. However, existing theoretical equations do not reflect actual scenarios that bolt/nut assemblies may encounter under varying mechanical and thermal conditions. Therefore, the practical application of this method in engineering practices is limited. Establishing a mathematical relationship by considering mechanical and thermal deformation could serve as a fundamental solution for providing more accurate axial force measurement results in ultrasonic testing. In this study, we proposed calibration equations that could be applied to various types of bolts, which are primarily used in mechanical components. The calibration coefficients obtained from the experiments were substituted into the theoretical equations to improve the estimation accuracy of the ultrasonic ToF. Additionally, we compared the experimental results acquired using various types of bolts: M8, M10, M12, and M14, with the results obtained from the theoretical equations using the calibration coefficients. It was verified that it could make the axial force measurement of the bolt accurate as a calibration of the change of the ToF by the bolt deformation from the mechanically stressed region and the thermal conditions with 8.8% error. We expect that the theoretically and experimentally verified calibration equations can improve the reliability and robustness of mechanical components.

show abstract

Axial force measurement of the bolt/nut assemblies based on the bending mode shape frequency of the protruding thread part using ultrasonic modal analysis

Cited by 25 publications

References 45 publications

Review on recent advances in structural health monitoring paradigm for looseness detection in bolted assemblies

Review on recent advances in structural health monitoring paradigm for looseness detection in bolted assemblies

Magnetostrictive Composite Bolt Fastening Characteristics and Internal Axial Force

Estimation of the ultrasonic time-of-flight for evaluating the axial force acting on bolt/nut assemblies under various mechanical and thermal conditions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About