Estimation of the ultrasonic time-of-flight for evaluating the axial force acting on bolt/nut assemblies under various mechanical and thermal conditions
Abstract:The ultrasonic testing method is a prospective technique adopted for measuring the axial force acting on a bolt; the method is a nondestructive testing method employed for structural health monitoring. In ultrasonic testing, the ultrasonic time of flight (ToF) is obtained, and the axial force is computed using the mathematical relationship between the ultrasonic ToF and the axial force acting on the bolt. Therefore, it is essential to accurately compute the axial force from the ToF. However, existing theoretic… Show more
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