Avoidable Mortality between Metropolitan and Non-Metropolitan Areas in Korea from 1995 to 2019: A Descriptive Study of Implications for the National Healthcare Policy

Choi, Min-Hyeok; Moon, Min-Hui; Yoon, Tae-Ho

doi:10.3390/ijerph19063475

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Previous research examining the increase in LE between 1998 and 2017 revealed that a major driver of the increase in LE was the decline in avoidable mortality from diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, neoplasms, and transport injuries [16]. The decrease in avoidable mortality was faster than that of all-cause mortality in Korea, and the rate of decrease was more prominent in RAs than in LUAs or SMUAs [4,5]. This study found that faster increases in RAs and SMUAs enhanced the overall increase in LE in Korea than in LUAs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The avoidable mortality rate decreased more rapidly, by 63.5% in urban areas and 61.6% in rural areas. The expansion of a centralized healthcare policy, improvement in material living standards in rural areas, and a special budget for areas with poor health and medical facilities were all nominated as causes of a similar relative decrease in mortality in urban and rural areas [5]. Further research is required to determine which policy factors or processes causally contribute to this decrease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the mortality rate decreased more rapidly in rural areas than in urban areas, and the mortality gap between the two areas decreased. A more rapid reduction in avoidable mortality in rural areas, such as with cancer and cardiovascular diseases, has narrowed the mortality gap [5]. This situation in Korea offers a good opportunity to examine whether closing the life expectancy gap between urban and rural areas has increased overall life expectancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contributions of the life expectancy gap reduction between urban and rural areas to the increase in overall life expectancy in South Korea from 2000 to 2019

Kim

2023

Int J Equity Health

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Background This study aimed to quantify the contribution of narrowing the life expectancy gap between urban and rural areas to the overall life expectancy at birth in Korea and examine the age and death cause-specific contribution to changes in the life expectancy gap between urban and rural areas. Methods We used the registration population and death statistics from Statistics Korea from 2000 to 2019. Assuming two hypothetical scenarios, namely, the same age-specific mortality change rate in urban and rural areas and a 20% faster decline than the observed decline rate in rural areas, we compared the increase in life expectancy with the actual increase. Changes in the life expectancy gap between urban and rural areas were decomposed into age- and cause-specific contributions. Results Rural disadvantages of life expectancy were evident. However, life expectancies in rural areas increased more rapidly than in urban areas. Life expectancy would have increased 0.3–0.5 less if the decline rate of age-specific mortality in small-to-middle urban and rural areas were the same as that of large urban areas. Life expectancy would have increased 0.7–0.9 years further if the decline rate of age-specific mortality in small-to-middle urban and rural areas had been 20% higher. The age groups 15–39 and 40–64, and chronic diseases, such as neoplasms and diseases of the digestive system, and external causes significantly contributed to narrowing the life expectancy gap between urban and rural areas. Conclusion Pro-health equity interventions would be a good strategy to reduce the life expectancy gap and increase overall life expectancy, particularly in societies where life expectancies have already increased.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contributions of the life expectancy gap reduction between urban and rural areas to the increase in overall life expectancy in South Korea from 2000 to 2019

Kim

2023

Int J Equity Health

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“…This is the ninth lowest among the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries, and the country with the largest mortality rate decrease was Korea, which decreased from 1075.6 per 100,000 persons to 44.7% in 2001. 1) …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the level of health behaviors such as smoking rate and the risk of chronic diseases such as obesity were high in non-metropolitan areas. 1) To address these issues, universal health coverage has been established and local public health policies have been strengthened over the past 30 years. 3) However, despite policy efforts to alleviate regional imbalances, its effectiveness is still unclear.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

What Regional Disparity Trends of Cardiovascular Mortality Have Changed in 2019 Compared to the 1980s?

2022

Korean Circ J

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Rural–urban disparities in the reduction of avoidable mortality and mortality from all other causes of death in Spain, 2003–2019

Moreno,

Pulido,

Cea-Soriano

et al. 2023

J Public Health (Berl.)

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Aim This study aims to evaluate the trend of avoidable mortality and of mortality from all other causes of death in urban and rural areas in Spain, throughout the first 2 decades of the twenty-first century. Methods Data deaths and population by age and sex, according to the area of residence, were obtained from the National Institute of Statistics. Avoidable mortality refers to premature deaths (≤ 75 years old) for which there is reasonable scientific consensus that they should not occur in the presence of timely health care. In large urban, small urban, and rural areas, annual age-standardized mortality rates from avoidable causes and from all other causes of death were calculated from 2003 to 2019. The annual percentage change (APC) in the mortality rate in each area was estimated using linear regression models and taking age-standardized mortality rates as dependent variable. Results Mortality rates decreased between the beginning and the end of the period analysed. Large urban areas and rural areas showed the largest and smallest reduction in mortality rate respectively. The APC in avoidable mortality was −3.5% in men and −3.0% in women in large urban areas, and −2.7% in men and −2.6% in women in rural areas. The APC in the mortality rate from all other causes of death was −2.4% in men and −1.2% in women in large urban areas, and −1.4% in men and −1.0% in women in rural areas. Conclusion In Spain, avoidable mortality and mortality from other causes of death in rural and urban areas show similar trends, which suggests the presence of a common factor responsible for such findings.

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Avoidable Mortality between Metropolitan and Non-Metropolitan Areas in Korea from 1995 to 2019: A Descriptive Study of Implications for the National Healthcare Policy

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Contributions of the life expectancy gap reduction between urban and rural areas to the increase in overall life expectancy in South Korea from 2000 to 2019

Contributions of the life expectancy gap reduction between urban and rural areas to the increase in overall life expectancy in South Korea from 2000 to 2019

What Regional Disparity Trends of Cardiovascular Mortality Have Changed in 2019 Compared to the 1980s?

Rural–urban disparities in the reduction of avoidable mortality and mortality from all other causes of death in Spain, 2003–2019

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