Avocado Oil Alleviates Renal Damage and decreases NADPH Oxidase Activity, Peroxynitrite Production and Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake in Hypertension Rats

Abstract

Hypertension (HT) has been associated with mitochondrial dysfunction due to both nitrosative and oxidative stresses that are generated by increased activity of NADPH oxidase (Nox), defective calcium transport and enhanced ROS generation by reverse electron transfer (RET) at complex I. These factors contribute to the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction and to the progress of hypertensive complications. Previously, we have shown that avocado oil, a rich source of bioactive compounds and antioxidants, decreases blood pressure and ameliorates both mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in kidney from hypertensive rats. However, it is unknown whether the effects of avocado oil on renal mitochondria are attributable to decreased activity of NADPH oxidase, lowered levels of reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and improved calcium uptake by mitochondria. Thus, we analyzed Nox activity and peroxynitrite (ONOO‐) levels in kidney cytosolic fractions of L‐NAME – induced hypertensive rats as well as mitochondrial calcium uptake and complex I activity. After 60‐days of L‐NAME administration, the hypertensive rats exhibited enhanced Nox activity and ONOO‐ levels, as well as increased complex I activity and excessive calcium uptake. All these alterations were prevented by co‐administration of L‐NAME with avocado oil. Moreover, the kidneys from hypertensive rats shown histological manifestations of renal damage that were also corrected by avocado oil. These data suggest that avocado oil could be beneficial to decrease hypertensive nephropathy progression by improving mitochondrial function, diminishing RNS production and normalizing Nox activity.Support or Funding InformationThis work was supported by a Coordinación de la Investigación Científica‐UMSNH grant (to CCR)This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.

Effects of Three Extraction Methods on Avocado Oil Lipid Compounds Analyzed via UPLC-TOF-MS/MS with OPLS-DA

“…Fatty acids are very important components of avocado oil, and their mechanism of action enhances vascular function, reduces the deterioration of nephropathy, and improves nonalcoholic fatty liver in hypertensive rats by improving mitochondrial dysfunction, reducing mitochondrial oxidative stress, decreasing reactive nitrogen species (RNS) production and normalizing NOx activity [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Cristian et al [ 8 ] used avocado oil instillation in hypertensive rats and reduced diastolic and systolic blood pressure by 21.2% and 15.5%, respectively.…”