Avian Colibacillosis and Salmonellosis: A Closer Look at Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Control and Public Health Concerns

Kabir, S. M. Lutful

doi:10.3390/ijerph7010089

Cited by 347 publications

(333 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…The result of present findings where Salmonella spp. sensitive to Gentamycin supported by [29,32,35,36,37]. This result were similar to previous findings where Salmonella spp.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Isolation and identification of Salmonella spp. from broiler and their antibiogram study in Sylhet, Bangladesh

2016

J App Biol Biotech

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The objectives of this study were to isolate the associated Salmonella spp. from cloacal swabs of broiler and their antibiogram studies. A total of 80 cloacal swabs comprising of 50 samples of apparently healthy broiler and 30 samples of diarrheic broiler were collected from different poultry farms at Sylhet, Bangladesh during Ja nuary to June 2013. The samples were subjected for isolation and identification of Salmonella spp. through a series of conventional bacteriological studies like study of morphology, staining properties, and biochemical characteristics. In results, 48% (n= 24/50) swab samples of healthy broiler and 66.7% (n= 20/30) diarrheic broiler were found to be associated with Salmonella spp. Among the 44 positive Salmonella isolates 47.73% (n=21) were Salmonella pullorum, 36.36% (n=16) isolates were Salmonella gallinarum and the rest 15.91% (n=7) isolates were Salmonella typhimurium. Sensitivity test was conducted against 10 commonly used antibiotics, of which Penicillin-G, Erythromycin, Ampicillin, and Bacitracin were found to be resistant, and Ceftriaxone, Gentamycin, and Choloramphenicol showed considerably better sensitivity as compared to others. It is concluded that Salmonella spp. are present in broiler, and the bacteria can be clinically controlled by using Ceftriaxone, Gentamycin, and Choloramphenicol.

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“…The result of present findings where Salmonella spp. sensitive to Gentamycin supported by [29,32,35,36,37]. This result were similar to previous findings where Salmonella spp.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Isolation and identification of Salmonella spp. from broiler and their antibiogram study in Sylhet, Bangladesh

2016

J App Biol Biotech

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“…To curb the extensive use of antibiotics in sub-therapeutic doses, probiotics in animal feeds and drinks have been encouraged. Probiotics are safe, and reduce intestinal infections and resistance to antibiotics (Lutful Kabir, 2010).…”

Section: Table Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This transfer has severe health implications including treatment failures, which has led to some deaths and increased the cost of human therapies (Lutful Kabir, 2010). Furthermore, overuse of antibiotics leads to the occurrence of harmful residues in edible poultry tissues (meat and eggs) and other animal products (Olatoye and Ehinmowo, 2009;Shareef et al, 2009;Lawal et al, 2015), which consequently are detrimental to health when such products are consumed by the public.…”

Section: Table Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This data agrees with that of Ogunleye et al (2008), who reported enrofloxacin, tetracyclines, gentamicin, streptomycin and furaltadone as common antibiotics used among poultry farms in Ogun State. Multidrug resistance to the listed antibiotics has been reported in poultry farms in Nigeria, and the studies have attributed this to the uncontrolled use of antibiotics among farmers because of a lack of antibiotic control policies in the country (Livermore, 2003;Lutful Kabir, 2010). The use of quinolones in poultry is worrisome as this drug is classified by the World Health Organization as critically important for treatments of enteric diseases in humans and has been associated with increased resistance in humans exposed to it from farm animals.…”

Section: Table Imentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibiotic use and practices in commercial poultry laying hens in Ogun State Nigeria

Adebowale¹,

Adeyemo²,

Awoyomi³

et al. 2016

Rev. Elev. Med. Vet. Pays Trop.

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La production de volailles occupe une place prépondérante dans l’économie nigériane. Toutefois, l’utilisation abusive des antibiotiques par les éleveurs de volailles a entraîné une multirésistance et nuit à l’efficacité des traitements antibiotiques dans l’industrie. Cette étude a été réalisée afin d’évaluer l’utilisation d’antibiotiques dans les exploitations avicoles commerciales. Une enquête a été menée à l’aide d’un questionnaire structuré destiné aux chefs d’exploitation pour obtenir des informations sur les caractéristiques socio-économiques des propriétaires ou desdits chefs, les types d’antibiotiques utilisés, la fréquence et la raison de leur utilisation, la sensibilisation à l’usage des antibiotiques et à leurs problèmes associés, et les sources d’information privilégiées par les éleveurs pour un recours raisonnable aux antibiotiques. Le niveau d’instruction des interviewés était universitaire ou équivalent (70,9 %), collège ou lycée (12,6 %), ou sans éducation formelle (13,6 %). Les antibiotiques étaient utilisés principalement en prophylaxie (> 60 %) et en thérapeutique (< 15 %). La gentamicine (76,7 %) était l’antibiotique le plus utilisé, venaient ensuite la tétracycline (64,1 %), l’enrofloxacine et la ciprofloxacine (57,3 %), la furazolidone (49,5 %), la streptomycine(46,6 %), la furaltadone (43,7 %), le chloramphénicol (41,7 %), la pénicilline (25,2 %), l’érythromycine (24,3 %), et l’acide nalidixique (11,7 %). Environ la moitié des exploitations agricoles utilisaient les produits interdits que sont la furazolidone et le chloramphénicol. Au total 82 (79,6 %) éleveurs savaient que l’utilisation aléatoire d’antibiotiques dans le traitement de maladies incorrectement diagnostiquées pouvait conduire à la résistance aux antibiotiques. Cependant, 73 (70,9 %) étaient moins informés sur le fait qu’un mauvais usage des antibiotiques chez les animaux constitue une grave menace en santé humaine. Les antibiotiques n’étaient pas utilisés avec prudence par les producteurs de volailles. Le manque de sensibilisation de ces derniers à cette situation serait un facteur qui y contribuerait. Les résultats de cette enquête devraient permettre d’élaborer des politiques pertinentes pour établir un contrôle de l’utilisation des antibiotiques dans les élevages de volailles au Nigeria.

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“…Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), the causative agent of avian colibacillosis (Antão et al, 2008;Dho-Moulin and Fairbrother, 1999;Ewers et al, 2004;Kabir, 2010;Nolan et al, 2013), is a subpathotype of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). It is considered a potential zoonotic agent (Johnson et al, 2008b;Nolan et al, 2013;Rodriguez-Siek et al, 2005a).…”

Section: Chapter 1: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

Awawdeh¹,

Turni²,

Henning³

et al.

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Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the causative agent of avian colibacillosis, a localised or systemic infection resulting in clinical diseases such as colisepticemia, chronic respiratory disease and swollen-head syndrome. Globally, avian colibacillosis is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in poultry, and it has been associated with massive economic losses and welfare problems.This organism is of public health significance as APEC is communicable to humans. The diagnosis of avian colibacillosis relies on clinical signs, typical pathological lesions and culture of E. coli from affected tissue(s). Antimicrobial therapy is often used both for treatment and control. Previous overseas studies have characterised APEC and identified virulence genes (VGs) that can be used as molecular markers for the identification of APEC. Little is known about APEC in broiler chickens in Australia.The aim of this thesis was to gain a better understanding of the epidemiology of APEC in Australian broiler flocks and how factors including presence of VGs and phylogenetic group can improve the identification of this pathotype in Australia. Firstly, three faecal DNA extraction methods were evaluated. Faeces were collected from healthy chickens and chickens with colibacillosis from commercial broiler farms in South East Queensland (SEQ). The extracted DNA was screened by a pentaplex-PCR for five APEC-associated VGs (iroN, iutA, iss, hlyF and ompT). DNA extracted from E. coli isolates cultured from the cloaca and organs of the birds were screened using the same PCR.Repeated bead beating plus column elution was the preferred DNA extraction method, as it yielded good PCR quality and adequate quantity DNA. However, identifying APEC by direct detection of the five VGs from the faecal material was not feasible as all of these genes were also detected in all of the birds. However, the VGs were more commonly detected in E. coli isolates cultured from birds with colibacillosis.A cross-sectional study was performed to estimate APEC farm-level prevalence in healthy broiler chickens in SEQ and to identify potential risk factors associated with the carriage of APEC. At the farm-level, all of the 40 farms sampled were positive for APEC, that is at least one bird per farm carried APEC, while the within-farm prevalence was 63% (95% Confidence Interval: 55.8, 70.2).Higher APEC within-farm bird-level prevalence was significantly associated with the usage of well water as a source of drinking water, failure to disinfect the water line after each flock, farm visitors not showering before entering the shed, distances greater than 20 metres between the car park and the poultry shed and the presence of wild birds within 50 metres of the shed. Chlorinating the drinking water combined with automatic water filtration reduced within-farm bird-level APEC prevalence. Page | 3Therefore, based on the results concluded from the multivariable model, improving biosecurity and water treatments might reduce APEC prevalence, decrease the risk of co...

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Avian Colibacillosis and Salmonellosis: A Closer Look at Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Control and Public Health Concerns

Cited by 347 publications

References 151 publications

Isolation and identification of Salmonella spp. from broiler and their antibiogram study in Sylhet, Bangladesh

Isolation and identification of Salmonella spp. from broiler and their antibiogram study in Sylhet, Bangladesh

Antibiotic use and practices in commercial poultry laying hens in Ogun State Nigeria

Studies on avian pathogenic Escherichia coli in commercial broiler chicken in South East Queensland

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