Avanços E Desafios Para a Implementação Das Práticas Integrativas E Complementares No Brasil

Abstract

Rev. APS. 2018 jul/set; 21(3): 355 -364. AVANÇOS E DESAFIOS PARA A IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DAS PRÁTICAS INTEGRATIVAS E COMPLEMENTARES NO BRASIL RESUMOAnalisou-se a conjuntura da produção científica, os avanços e os desafios para a implementação das Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PIC) no Brasil. O estudo se deu por meio de Revisão Integrativa dos artigos indexados nas bases de dados bibliográficas da Rede Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), selecionando-se 68 artigos. Notou-se que a região Sudeste permanece como polo científico e a maior parte dos estudos não possui nível de evidência significativo. No decorrer dos anos, houve pequeno aumento no número de estudos e maior comprovação da eficácia e eficiência das PIC em diversas áreas, porém entraves relacionados a pouca formação profissional, má gestão do Sistema e concepções enraizadas na medicina alopática permanecem e dificultam a ampliação das PIC no país. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Antroposofia; Fitoterapia; Homeopatia; Medicina Tradicional Chinesa; Terapias Complementares. INTRODUÇÃOAs PIC são sistemas médicos e recursos terapêuticos complexos empregados para promoção do amplo cuidado em saúde, valorizando a autonomia, cultura e o ambiente dos indivíduos. Dessa forma, como resultado da mudança de paradigmas relacionados à assistência em saúde, da demanda popular, de recomendações da Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) e de diretrizes nacionais relacionadas ao tema, foi aprovada, em 2006, ABSTRACTWe analyzed the scientific production, the advances, and the challenges for the implementation of Integrative and Complementary Practices (ICP) in Brazil. The study was done through an integrative review in the Virtual Health Library, selecting 68 articles. It was noted that the Southeast region continues as a scientific hub, and that most of the studies do not have a significant level of evidence. Over the years, there has been a small increase in the number of studies and greater evidence of the effectiveness and efficiency of ICP in several areas. However, problems related to poor professional training, bad management of the system, and concepts rooted in allopathic medicine remain, and hinder the expansion of ICP in Brazil.

Uso das Práticas Integrativas e Complementares no período de isolamento social da COVID-19 no Brasil

“…O conhecimento sobre uso destas práticas, parte também da reformulação das diretrizes curriculares dos cursos da área de saúde. Baseando-se nos achados de Reis et al, (2018) existem discrepâncias entre ensino e prática no cotidiano acadêmico, entraves relacionados à medicina baseada em evidências e pouca valorização de uma visão holística relacionada ao cuidado. Assis et al (2018), em resposta aos vazios na formação dos futuros profissionais em saúde, a experiência com a realização de oficinas se mostrou um frutífero caminho a ser seguido e multiplicado.…”

The Implementation of Integrative and Complementary Health Practices in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

“…training, health system management and conceptions centered on the biomedical paradigm [7] are obstacles to the implementation of integrative and complementary practices in the health system, even in Primary Care, when some practices are offered without disclosure and at the initiative of the professional [10].…”

“…PNPIC brought the standardization of PICS, the increase in actions, the qualification of professionals, the development of knowledge related to them, as well as the expansion of therapeutic options to users [7]. Among the possible difficulties for the implementation of the PNPIC, the following stand out: the training and qualification of professionals in sufficient numbers, the supply of inputs, the structure and the investment in the development of technologies [7].…”

“…Some recent data shows how the PICS have gained visibility and acceptance. For example, the number of collective activities, such as yoga and tai chi chuan, went from 216 thousand to 315 thousand activities in Brazil between 2017 and 2018 [7]. Approximately one third of patients with a history of cancer used Complementary Therapies between the years 2018 and 2019, the most frequent being: herbal supplements, osteopathic manipulation chiropractic, massage, yoga, tai chi chuan, mantra, mindfulness and spiritual meditation -29 % of these patients not reporting the use of these therapies to their doctor [8].…”

Reiki therapy in the Unified Health System: meanings and experiences in integral health care

“…Along this path, we can observe an increase in the supply of these practices, especially in Primary Health Care (PHC), with two public policy updates -including 14 practices in 2017 and another 10 in 2018 -, in addition to the growing public approval and increase in the number of scientific studies on the topic. However, as challenges, we emphasize the focus on the dissemination of practices whose conceptions are rooted in allopathic medicine; and the need for greater insertion of integrative and complementary health practices (ICHP) in undergraduate and graduate education, increased budgetary allocation for this purpose in the management of public policy, expansion of professional qualification for these therapies, supply of resources, and specific regulation on practices, based on scientific evidence (2)(3)(4) .…”