Avaliação in vitro da patogenicidade de fungos predadores de nematóides parasitos de animais domésticos

Abstract

Resumo: O controle biológico é uma alternativa promissora no controle dos estágios pré-parasitários de helmintos, por meio da ação de fungos nematófagos. Abstract: Biological control is a promising alternative for the control of pre-parasitic stages through the action of nematophagous fungi's. The present study evaluated in vitro the patogenicity of both Arthrobotrys musiformis and A. conoides fungi on "infective larvae (or L3 state larvae)" of Haemonchus contortus, L3 larvae of Ancylostoma spp. and larvated eggs of the nematode Ascaridia galli. Nine groups were formed: six treated groups (G1A and G2A: L3 of H. contortus; G1B and G2B: L3 of Ancylostoma spp.; G1C and G2C: larvated eggs of A. galli, being that G1 with A. musiformis and G2 with A. conoides) and three untreated groups (G3A, G3B and G3C: larvae of H. contortus, Ancylostoma spp. and eggs of A. galli, respectively, without fungi). Each treatment had ten repetitions (ten Petri dishes with an average of 120 larvae of H. contortus and 200 larvae of Ancylostoma spp. and, approximately, 100 larvated A. galli eggs). The results showed A. musiformis plundered 66% and 94% of Ancylostoma spp. L3 larvae and H. contortus L3 larvae, respectively. While that A. conoides plundered 51,7% and 89,4% at the same larvae. The nematophagous fungi evaluated have not presented any predation type on A. galli larvated eggs. Afterwards, both are promising fungi as to their use for biological control of parasitic helminths of animal hosts.

Biological control of sheep parasite nematodes by nematode-trapping fungi: in vitro activity and after passage through the gastrointestinal tract

“…Graminha et al (2001) also confirmed the activity of the fungi A. musiformis and A. conoides by scanning electron microscopy, showing that A. musiformis preyed on 66.3 and 94.4% of infectious Ancylostoma spp. and Haemonchus contortus larvae, respectively, while A. conoides preyed on 51.7 and 89.3% of the same larvae, indicating effective control.…”

Scanning electron microscopy of Ancylostoma spp. dog infective larvae captured and destroyed by the nematophagous fungus Duddingtonia flagrans

“…Due to such a fact, the study of the effect of these bacteria in association to the nematode-trapping fungus D. flagrans could provide a better understanding of their function in the fungus/larvae interaction process, since in literature only Campos et al (2008) observed the association between these bacteria and this fungal species, although this researcher had worked with H. contortus L 3 . The association of NHB with nematophagous fungi is also reported by Graminha et al (2001), who studied the pathogenicity of the nematode-trapping fungi Arthrobotrys musiformis and Arthrobotrys conoides on H. contortus and Ancylostoma spp. L 3 .…”

Predatory Activity of the Fungus Pleurotus eryngii on Ancylostoma caninum Infective Larvae

“…In an experiment conducted by Graminha et al [18] the pathogenicity of the fungus Arthrobotrys musiformis and A. conoides on infective larvae of Haemonchus contortus and Ancylostoma spp and embryonated eggs of Ascaridiagalli was evaluated and it was found that predation of both nematodes by A. conoides was crescent, obtaining the maximum predation on Ancylostoma spp. on the fourth day, whereas maximum H. contortus predation was only obtained on the sixth day and although the efficiency of both fungi was higher for H. contortus larvae than the ones from Ancylostoma spp., it was observed that predation tendency for both nematodes was crescent during the trial period.…”