Avaliação dos sistemas de informações sobre nascidos vivos e óbitos no Brasil na década de 2000

Abstract

Resumo No Nordeste brasileiro, a morte por fogo é uma ameaça onipresente e banalizada entre mulheres empobrecidas. Este estudo antropológico descreve a experiência do sofrimento de ser queimada. Em 2009, foram investigados seis casos “ricos em informação” no Centro de Queimados, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. Entrevistas etnográficas abertas com informantes-chave, narrativas de experiências vividas e observação participante na clínica e no domicílio foram realizadas. Utilizamos os métodos Análise de Conteúdo, Sistemas de Signos, Significados e Ações e Interpretação Semântica Contextualizada. Revelou-se que as metáforas emergentes são carregadas de significância cultural da “monstruosidade” e da violência de gênero pelo fogo – inscrita impiedosamente no corpo feminino. O “acidente por combustível” (álcool) esconde a cruel realidade de “carne crua e torrada”. A cicatriz é capaz de desfigurá-las em “não-pessoas”, maculando sua reputação moral e gerando a rejeição social. No Nordeste brasileiro, a vulnerabilidade social provocada pela sequela da queimadura exige uma política de humanização do cuidado.

Adequação das informações de mortalidade e correção dos óbitos informados a partir da Pesquisa de Busca Ativa

“…The advances made by Brazil in the field ofvital statistics are widely recognized 5,7 , but the results of this research showed that our greatest challenge is to reach rural and remote municipalities that do not yet have reliable vital information. Lack of access to health care, related not only to geographic barriers but also to cultural aspects of local communities, is one of the mainimpediments to continuousquality improvement of vital statistics data 20,21 .…”

“…The two systems are managed by the Ministry of Health (MS) -the objective of these systems is to provide subsidies to characterize the profile of deaths and birth in the country. The information is available online for all Brazilian municipalities up to 2014 5 .…”

“…Particularly in the last 15 years, significant improvement in vital information was directly linked to the establishment of goals to increase coverage of mortality information in states and municipalities, the development of monitoring dashboards, the establishment of infant and maternal death review committees as well as committee to review deaths due to ill-defined causes, and the expansion of the surveillance of infant deaths and deaths among women of childbearing age 5,7 .…”

The role of Brazilian National Health Information Systems in assessing the impact of Zika virus outbreak

“…Regarding microcephaly, measurement of brain diameter in the first hours after birth can produce a large number of false positives 39 . However, a recent study, which evaluated the SIM and SINASC, showed improvement in adequacy levels of information from 2008-2010, compared to 1999-2001 40 . Confirmation of severe and irreversible microcephaly can only be done through additional tests and adequate follow-up, and is not recorded in the birth declaration.…”

Death surveillance as an instrument to reduce invisibility from social and assistance exclusion of women and children

“…Countries which own complete continuous registry information systems can measure safely the mortality range, although sometimes information are insufficient to apprehend facts related to death, as well as identifying socially marginalized groups. 4 In Brazil and other countries who own these systems, besides the improvement of count of maternal, fetal and child deaths and the quality of information, it is necessary to comprehend the event in depth and in multiple perspectives, in order to identify groups which is most affected by the inequity of access conditions of services and assets and intervene towards them. 5,6 For decades the maternal and infant deaths are utilized as sentinel events for their capability of assess the quality of health care in several countries which adopt different organizational arrangements in surveying cases, conditioned by epidemiologic and assistance profile and operational capacity.…”