Avaliação do controle de leptospirose por vacinação em bovinos de propriedade leiteira no estado do Piauí

Mineiro, Ana Lys Bezerra Barradas; Vieira, Rômulo José; Beserra, E. E. A.; Leal, Layana Mauriz; Sousa, Francisco Assis Leite; Campos, Ângela Piauilino; Moreira, É. C.; Costa, Francisco Assis Lima

doi:10.1590/1808-1657001132012

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…No leptospirosis vaccine produced in Brazil includes local strains, instead they include reference strains that could be antigenically distinct from field strains. 7 Even vaccinated animals are not protected against infection and renal colonization by Leptospira . 8 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several leptospirosis vaccines sold commercially in Brazil are produced abroad, imported and only packaged in Brazil. Even those produced in the country use reference Leptospira strains, which are antigenically distinct from those in the field 7 and thus are incapable of promoting effective protection against disease, the infection or the establishment of the renal carrier state when the animals are exposed to local strains. 8 But it must be considered that the main objective of commercial vaccines for livestock is the reduction of reproductive problems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of leptospiral commercial vaccines on the protection against an autochtonous strain recovered in Brazil

Sonada

Azevêdo

Soto

et al. 2018

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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In swine and bovines, leptospirosis prevention and control is carried out via vaccination of susceptible animals using bacterins. However, the efficiency of leptospirosis vaccines has been questioned. This work aimed to investigate the potency of five leptospirosis vaccines sold commercially in Brazil, challenging the animals with one autochthonous strain of Leptospira, Canicola serovar, denoted LO4, isolated from swine. The standard protocol was followed, and renal carriers of Leptospira were identified among the surviving animals by culture and PCR. Of the five vaccines tested, only two proved effective. None of the surviving animals was positive by culture; however, one animal was positive by PCR. Three of the five vaccines sold commercially in Brazil for the immunization of swine or bovines failed the test of the efficacy to protect the vaccinated animals following challenge with an autochthonous Leptospira strain, Canicola serovar. The two vaccines provided protection against the renal carrier state in the surviving animals. The criteria used to produce leptospirosis bacterins sold commercially in Brazil must be reviewed. The industry should support researches on leptospiral vaccinology to improve the quality of the present vaccines and discover new immunogenic strains, because it is known that vaccination is one of the most important tools to increase the reproduction rates in livestock.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of leptospiral commercial vaccines on the protection against an autochtonous strain recovered in Brazil

Sonada

Azevêdo

Soto

et al. 2018

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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“…A introdução da prática periódica de vacinação de bovinos com as sorovariedades mais comuns no rebanho poderia reduzir os títulos de anticorpos de Leptospira spp. na microrregião estudada [25].…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Serum Epidemiological Analysis and Risk Factors Associated with Leptospira spp. in Cattle in the State of Piauí

Ferreira

Sousa

Castro

et al. 2017

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Leptospirosis is a cosmopolitan zoonosis caused by pathogenic spirochetes of the genus Leptospira spp. and it is considered one of the main causes of reproductive problems in cattle. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of anti-Leptospira antibodies and identify the prevalent serovars and risk factors associated with infection in cattle herds, in the microregion of Floriano, Piaui State, Brazil. Materials, Methods & Results:A total of 414 bovine sera samples were collected (390 females aged over 24 months and 24 bulls) from 22 properties (farms) in the municipalities that compose the study area. The samples were analyzed using the Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) to detect anti-Leptospira antibodies from 23 pathogenic serovars. An epidemiological questionnaire was applied in each farm to evaluate the risk factors, using a univariate analysis of the variables of interest, by Pearson's Chi-square test (χ 2 ) or Fisher's exact test, when it was necessary. Then, each independent variable was crossed with the dependent variable and those that presented statistical significance <0.20 were selected for multivariate analysis, using logistic regression, adopting a significance level of 5%. This research identified 143 positive animals (MAT> 1: 100) in the 22 evaluated farms; all of them had at least one positive animal, resulting in a prevalence of 34.54%, with 32,8% females (136) and 1,7% males (07), and 8,93% (37) of co-agglutination. Nineteen of the 23 tested serovars were identified; among them, Icterohaemorrhagiae (42.48%), Hardjo (31.2%), Pomona (4.3%), and Castellonis (4.3%) stood out. Absence of quarantine (OR = 16.172, P = 0.024), vaccination (OR = 0.090, P = 0.037) and isolation of diseased animals (OR = 0.006, P = 0.030) were identified, by the multivariate logistic regression analysis, as risk factors for any serovar of Leptospira spp. Discussion:The results of the present study showed that leptospirosis is present in all studied municipalities, in which the prevalence may be related to the variety of factors that influence the occurrence of the disease, such as climatic and environmental conditions, transit of animal, practices of management adopted in the herd, and the lack of information about the disease. The occurrence of co-agglutination can be explained by the possibility of multiple and concomitant contaminations with several serovars. Icterohaemorrhagiae was the most prevalent serovar, which has significant importance to public health since it is considered the main serovar of leptospirosis in humans, associated with the presence of rodents. On the other hand, the serovar Hardjo is related to the chronic leptospirosis in cattle, demonstrated through reproductive problems. The serovars Castellonis and Pomona were also observed in bovine herds, suggesting a possible transmission of the microorganism between animal species, probably due to exposure to the same sources of infection. In fact, the large number of serovarieties of Leptospira spp. indicates the pres...

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Strategies of the control of an outbreak of leptospiral infection in dairy cattle in Northeastern Brazil

Pimenta

Costa

Silva

et al. 2018

Trop Anim Health Prod

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The aim of the present study was to describe the strategies of the control of an outbreak of leptospiral infection in dairy cattle in Maranhão State, Northeastern Brazil. In the period from January to July 2015, 18 (17%) out of 106 cows presented abortion, six (5.7%) stillbirth, and 12 (11.3%) repeated estrus, totaling 24 animals with reproductive problems. The diagnosis of leptospirosis was based on serology (microscopic agglutination test-MAT), bacteriological culture, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antibiotic therapy, vaccination protocols, and changes in management practices were suggested as control measures. Of all animals on the farm (n = 280), 136 (48.6%) were seropositive for at least one serovar of Leptospira sp. No pure leptospiral culture was obtained. Eight of the animals with reproductive problems yielded positive PCR results (vaginal fluid of seven animals and urine and vaginal fluid of one animal). Genetic sequencing of a vaginal fluid/urine PCR-positive sample revealed Leptospira borgpetersenii. One year after the adoption of control measures, no reproductive problems were observed. Thus, leptospirosis probably caused the reproductive failures in the herd, and the control and prevention measures implemented were efficient in controlling the disease.

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Avaliação do controle de leptospirose por vacinação em bovinos de propriedade leiteira no estado do Piauí

Cited by 6 publications

References 28 publications

Efficacy of leptospiral commercial vaccines on the protection against an autochtonous strain recovered in Brazil

Efficacy of leptospiral commercial vaccines on the protection against an autochtonous strain recovered in Brazil

Serum Epidemiological Analysis and Risk Factors Associated with Leptospira spp. in Cattle in the State of Piauí

Strategies of the control of an outbreak of leptospiral infection in dairy cattle in Northeastern Brazil

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