Avaliação de parâmetros físicos e químicos e pesquisa de Vibrio parahaemolyticus em águas do estuário do rio Anil (São Luís, Estado do Maranhão)

Abstract

RESUMO.Avaliação dos parâmetros físico-químicos e isolamento de Vibrio parahaemolyticus em águas do estuário do rio Anil (São Luís-MA, Brasil), em bancos naturais de moluscos. Foi utilizada a técnica do Número Mais Provável (NMP) com enriquecimento e subseqüente isolamento em agar tiossulfato-citrato-sacarose-sais-biliares (TCBS). Adicionalmente, foram monitorados "in situ" alguns parâmetros físico-químicos. As determinações para o pH variaram (7,25 a 7,90), O 2 (0,20 a 1,2mg/L), T°C (29 a 32°C), S‰ (5 a 28,0 UPS), NH 4 + (0,04 a 3,41mg/L), NO 2 -(0,10 a 1,91mg/L), PO 4 3-(0,03 a 4,88mg/L). Em 56,1% na estação I e 55,4% na estação II, apresentaram positividade, para V. parahaemolyticus, com níveis entre 1,1x10 e > 1,1x105NMP/mL. Os resultados exigem uma atenção especial por parte dos órgãos de Controle Ambiental e de Saúde Pública locais, uma vez que os recursos vivos deste ecossistema são sistematicamente explorados pelas comunidades ribeirinhas para fins de consumo e comercialização.Palavras-chave: parâmetros físicos e químicos, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, estuário, nutrientes, análises de água. ABSTRACT. Evaluation of physical and chemical parameters and research on Vibrio parahaemolyticus in water samples from Anil river estuary (São Luis, state of Maranhão, Brazil). Study of physical and chemical parameters and isolation ofVibrio parahaemolyticus in some water samples from Anil river estuary (São Luis, state of Maranhão, Brazil) at natural banks of mollusks. The technique of the most probable number (MPN) with enrichment and a subsequent isolation was used in Thiosulphate citrate bile salt agar (TCBS). In addition, some physical and chemical parameters were monitored "in situ". The determinations for pH varied (7.25 to 7.90), O 2 (0.20 to 1.2mg/L), T°C (29 to 32°C), S‰, (5 to 28.0 UPS), NH 4 + (0.04 to 3.41mg/L), NO 2 -(0.10 to 1.91mg/L), PO 4 3-(0.03 to 4.88mg/L). The presence of V. parahaemolyticus was detected in 56.1% of station I and 55.4% of station II with levels from 1.1x10 to 1.1x105MPN/mL). The results require some special attention from the environmental control and Public Health organizations as soon as possible because the riverain communities are exploring the alive resources from that ecosystem as their own feeding and commerce.

Quantification and distribution of vibrio species in water from an estuary in Ceará-Brazil impacted by shrimp farming

“…Serra et al (2003) reported similar results in a study on the relation between vibrios and physicochemical parameters in the estuary of the Anil river (São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil) and attributed the absence of significant variation to the geographical location near the Equator. Vibrios are mesophilic and are most common in tropical coastal waters (HERVIO-HEATH et al, 2002).…”

“…Research on the impact of shrimp farming has shown that discharges from farms significantly raise the levels of nutrients in coastal environments (PÁEZ-OSUNA et al, 1998;PÁEZ-OSUNA, 2001). Sousa et al (2006) observed increasing vibrio counts in water samples from an estuary in Ceará exposed to the discharge of nutrients from shrimp farms.…”

Characterization of Vibrio Parahaemolyticus isolated from oysters and mussels in São Paulo, Brazil

“…Moreover, V. parahaemolyticus infections have increased globally 28,33 . Studies in Brazil demonstrated the presence of V. parahaemolyticus in environmental samples from a variety of sources as well as in clinical samples 1,25,26,27,31,34,35,38 . In 2002, according to data of the National Health Foundation (FUNASA), in Ceará, Brazil, an outbreak of gastroenteritis occurred, and Kanagawa-positive strains of V. parahaemolyticus serovar O3:K6 were isolated 31 .…”

Distribution of physical and chemical variables in the water column and characterization of the bottom sediment in a macrotidal estuary on the Amazon coast of the state of Maranhão, Brazil

“…Studies aimed at understanding the dynamics of physical, chemical, and sedimentary variables make an important contribution to knowledge on estuarine systems and variations in these systems in terms of the distribution of sedimentary and physical characteristics (Serejo et al, 2020). Serra et al (2003) analyzed physical and chemical variables and nutrient concentrations in the ARE and demonstrated a critical situation in terms of the environmental and sanitary aspects of the estuary through microbiological evaluations and environmental variables. Martins and Lopes (2009) demonstrated the existence of the discharge of wastewaters from a medication industry in the proximities of the ARE as well as the occurrence of a hospital that discharges its effluents into the estuary without prior treatment, stressing that such irregularities constitute a risk to the river population that consumes fishes and crustaceans collected from the estuarine environment.…”