Avaliação de coberturas vacinais de crianças em uma cidade de médio porte (Brasil) utilizando registro informatizado de imunização

Abstract

Administrative data show high vaccination coverage rates in Brazil, but there is no assessment of the validity and timeliness of dose administration, or whether the vaccination schedule is complete. This study assessed timely and updated coverage rates in children 12 to 24 months of age. This was a longitudinal population-based study in Araraquara, São Paulo State, a predominantly urban medium-sized municipality, using the Juarez System, an electronic immunization registry (EIR). Coverage rates were assessed in 49,741 children born from 1998 to 2013, a period in which five different vaccination schedules were used. Trends were estimated with the Prais-Winsten linear regression method. Updated coverage of the complete schedule varied from 79.5% to 91.3% at 12 months and from 75.8% to 86.9%, at 24 months. Timely coverage (all doses applied at the recommended ages, with no delays) ranged from 53.3% to 74% at 12 months and from 36.7% to 53.8% at 24 months. There was an upward trend in updated coverage at 24 months. The delays in relation to recommended age increased starting at six months and appeared to relate more to age than to the number of doses in the schedule. The proportion of invalid and late doses was lower than in other studies. Despite the increase in the number of doses in the vaccination schedule, the study showed high updated coverage rates and higher timely coverage than reported in the national and international literature; however, more effort is needed to increase timeliness. EIR proved relevant for assessing and monitoring vaccination coverage with more accurate analyses.

Análise descritiva da cobertura vacinal executada pelo programa nacional de imunizações entre 2015 e 2019

“…Um estudo realizado do Município de Araraquara, no interior do Estado de São Paulo, utilizando informações de vacinais de crianças até 24 meses de idade, vacinadas no município entre 1998 e 2013 analisou que a cobertura vacinal oportuna, ou seja, quando a vacina é administrada dentro o seu prazo preconizado perante a idade da criança, manifestou mínima de 53,33% no ano de 2000 e máxima de 74,04% em 2006, nas crianças de até 12 meses, demostrando porcentagem semelhante nas crianças de até 24 meses, com mínima de 36,78% em 2011 e máxima de 53,83% no ano de 2006. Evidenciando congruência nos resultados obtidos nas medias manifestada entre as Regiões e Estados do Brasil nos anos de 2015 a 2019 (12) .…”

Factors related to the adoption of the Brazilian National Immunization Program Information System

“…The use of IIS, for vaccine coverage analysis, is described in nursing literature and points out advantages such as more accurate calculations, speed and low cost, in addition to allowance of validity of doses analysis and opportunity of vaccination [ 4 , 10 , 28 ]. To guarantee the completeness of vaccine coverage, IIS should, ideally, be filled with data from all places that administer vaccines, whether public or private, covering the entire population, maintaining information on all vaccines recommended by health authorities [ 5 , 29 ].…”

“…They are instruments for assessing and monitoring immunization programs, and can have a huge impact on vaccination coverage rates [ 2 , 3 ]. Its use is associated with a reduction in dropout rates, a reliable analysis of vaccination coverage, in addition to increasing the opportunity for vaccination [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Cobertura vacinal para adolescentes, adultos e idosos em Marabá (PA), no período de 2015 a 2020

“…Atualmente, o PNI oferece acesso universal e gratuito para 44 imunobiológicos, incluindo 19 vacinas no calendário de rotina, para todas as faixas etárias em aproximadamente 34 mil salas de vacinação, e promove, todos os anos, campanhas de vacinação contra influenza (Ferreira et al, 2018). As Tabelas 1, 2 e 3 apresentam os atuais esquemas vacinais disponibilizados pelo PNI.…”